Radnai Márta, Gorzó István, Nagy Erzsébet, Urbán Edit, Novák Tibor, Pál Attila
Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
J Clin Periodontol. 2004 Sep;31(9):736-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00564.x.
According to many studies, generalised periodontitis can be a risk factor for preterm birth (PB). A case-control study was carried out to examine if early localised periodontitis could be a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcome.
Postpartum women without any systemic disease were included into the study. Similar numbers of patients belonged to the case (41) and to the control (44) groups. A PB case was defined if a patient had a threatening premature labour during pregnancy, preterm premature rupture of membranes, or spontaneous preterm labour, and/or the weight of the newborn was < or = 2499 g. Control women had delivery after the 37th gestational week and the newborn's weight was > or = 2500 g. Known risk factors like smoking, alcohol, drug consumption, socio-economic status and the periodontal status were recorded.
A significant association was found between PB and early localised periodontitis of the patient with the following criterion having bleeding at > or = 50% of the examined sites (6 at each tooth) and having at least at one site > or = 4 mm probing depth (p = 0.001). The odds ratio was 5.46 at the 95% confidence interval. The average weight of the newborns in the periodontitis group was less than in the control group, the difference is significant (p = 0.047).
The results indicate that early localised periodontitis of the patient during pregnancy can be regarded as an important risk factor for PB.
根据多项研究，广泛性牙周炎可能是早产（PB）的一个风险因素。开展了一项病例对照研究，以检验早期局限性牙周炎是否可能是不良妊娠结局的一个风险因素。
将无任何全身性疾病的产后妇女纳入研究。病例组（41例）和对照组（44例）的患者数量相近。如果患者在孕期有先兆早产、胎膜早破或自然早产，和/或新生儿体重≤2499g，则定义为早产病例。对照妇女在妊娠第37周后分娩，新生儿体重≥2500g。记录吸烟、饮酒、药物使用、社会经济状况和牙周状况等已知风险因素。
在符合以下标准的患者中，早产与早期局限性牙周炎之间存在显著关联：在所检查部位（每颗牙6个部位）≥50%有出血，且至少有一个部位探诊深度≥4mm（p = 0.001）。95%置信区间的比值比为5.46。牙周炎组新生儿的平均体重低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（p = 0.047）。
结果表明，孕期患者的早期局限性牙周炎可被视为早产的一个重要风险因素。
