Chua B, Mitchell P
University of Sydney Department of Ophthalmology (Centre for Vision Research), Eye Clinic, Westmead Hospital, Hawkesbury Road, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2004 Sep;88(9):1119-21. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2004.041863.
To describe the effect of amblyopia on education, occupation, and 5 year incident vision loss.
3654 participants aged 49 years or older participated in the Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES I, 1992-4) and 2335 (75.1% of survivors) were re-examined (BMES II, 1997-9). All participants underwent detailed eye examination. Amblyopia, defined as best corrected visual acuity of less than or equal to 6/9 and not attributable directly to any underlying structural abnormality of the eye or the visual pathway, was identified in 118 participants (3.2%) in BMES I, of whom 73 were re-examined in BMES II. Occupation and educational classifications used definitions of the Australian Bureau of Statistics.
The mean age of people with amblyopia seen at baseline was 67.0 years. Amblyopia did not affect lifetime occupational class (p = 0.5), but fewer people completed higher university degrees (p = 0.05). In people with amblyopia, there was an increased risk of 5 year incident visual impairment in the better seeing eye worse than 6/12, relative risk (RR) 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6 to 4.6. One of 11 (9.1%) people with amblyopia showed significant improvement in visual acuity in the poorer seeing eye after a two line (10 logMAR letter) vision loss in the better seeing eye.
This study further documents the longitudinal history of amblyopia using population based data.
描述弱视对教育、职业及5年视力丧失发生率的影响。
3654名年龄在49岁及以上的参与者参加了蓝山眼研究（BMES I，1992 - 1994年），其中2335人（幸存者的75.1%）接受了复查（BMES II，1997 - 1999年）。所有参与者均接受了详细的眼部检查。弱视定义为最佳矫正视力小于或等于6/9，且不能直接归因于任何眼部或视觉通路的潜在结构异常，在BMES I的118名参与者（3.2%）中被确诊，其中73人在BMES II中接受了复查。职业和教育分类采用澳大利亚统计局的定义。
基线时被诊断为弱视者的平均年龄为67.0岁。弱视不影响终身职业类别（p = 0.5），但完成高等大学学位的人数较少（p = 0.05）。在弱视患者中，视力较好眼的5年视力损害发生率增加，视力差于6/12，相对风险（RR）为2.7，95%置信区间（CI）为1.6至4.6。11名弱视患者中有1名（9.1%）在视力较好眼视力下降两行（10 logMAR字母）后，视力较差眼的视力有显著改善。
本研究使用基于人群的数据进一步记录了弱视的纵向病程。
