Kawada Tomoyuki
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
Arch Med Res. 2004 Jul-Aug;35(4):329-33. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2004.04.002.
The association between smoking and health status including healthful life habits was evaluated in subjects living in a rural Japanese area.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with subjects who were smokers and ex-smokers ranging in age from 40 to 59 years who participated in health examinations in 1993 in 17 towns of Gunma Prefecture, Japan. A total of 4,629 of 6,076 subjects (76.2%) agreed to an interview by our public health nurses. Numbers of smokers and ex-smokers among subjects were 2,681 and 245, respectively.
Percentages of subjects in their 40s (p <0.01) who ate breakfast daily and those of subjects in their 50s (p <0.05) who exercised more than once a week were significantly higher among ex-smokers than among smokers. Mean body mass index (BMI) was higher in ex-smokers than in current smokers in their 40s (p <0.05) and 50s (p <0.01), and mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (HDLC) was also significantly higher in ex-smokers than in current smokers in their 40s (p <0.05). Furthermore, two-way analysis of variance on BMI and HDLC was conducted considering smoking and drinking habits. BMI was related only with smoking both in subjects in their 40s (p <0.05) and those in their 50s (p <0.001). HDLC was related with both smoking and drinking in subjects in their 40s and to only drinking in subjects in their 50s (p <0.001).
Ex-smokers performed regular exercise more often and showed improvement of lipid metabolism. To clarify cause-effect relationship between smoking and health status or habits, a follow-up study including factors such as smoking status, pulmonary function, exercise habits, and obesity should be conducted.
对生活在日本农村地区的人群，评估吸烟与包括健康生活习惯在内的健康状况之间的关联。
对1993年在日本群马县17个城镇参加健康检查的40至59岁的吸烟者和已戒烟者进行横断面调查。在6076名受试者中，共有4629名（76.2%）同意接受我们公共卫生护士的访谈。受试者中吸烟者和已戒烟者的人数分别为2681人和245人。
40多岁的已戒烟者中每天吃早餐的比例（p<0.01）以及50多岁的已戒烟者中每周锻炼不止一次的比例（p<0.05）显著高于吸烟者。40多岁（p<0.05）和50多岁（p<0.01）的已戒烟者的平均体重指数（BMI）高于当前吸烟者，40多岁的已戒烟者的平均高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（HDLC）也显著高于当前吸烟者（p<0.05）。此外，考虑吸烟和饮酒习惯对BMI和HDLC进行双向方差分析。40多岁（p<0.05）和50多岁（p<0.001）的受试者中，BMI仅与吸烟有关。40多岁的受试者中，HDLC与吸烟和饮酒都有关，而50多岁的受试者中HDLC仅与饮酒有关（p<0.001）。
已戒烟者更经常进行规律运动，脂质代谢有所改善。为明确吸烟与健康状况或习惯之间的因果关系，应开展一项包括吸烟状况、肺功能、运动习惯和肥胖等因素的随访研究。
