Krumholtz I
SUNY State College of Optometry, 33 West 43nd Street, New York, New York 10036, USA [corrected].
Optometry. 2000 Jul;71(7):426-30.
Children attending three New York City public schools were screened in 1998-1999. These three schools were previously screened in 1996-1997. This allowed comparison of referral rates between the two years. In addition, we were able to follow individual children who attended the schools between these two years. Finally, using results of the citywide achievement test scores, we were able to correlate the specific vision screening tests with academic performance.
Results from each of the years were analyzed to determine if any trend existed in referral frequency and screening procedures failed. Referral criteria were failure on one or more of the screening battery tests. In addition, the children's vision screening performance was compared with their reading achievement test scores. Vision screening results of children in both the top 25% and bottom 25% of the class were evaluated and academic improvement based on optometric intervention was also monitored.
Twenty-nine percent (29%) of children screened in 1996-1997 were referred. This matched the 25% referral rate found in 1998-1999. The screenings in 1998-1999 yielded a higher referral rate (35%) in functional vision tests as opposed to visual acuity screening procedures than the screening in 1996-1997 (30%). The King Devick Eye Movement Test and the hyperopia assessment screening showed significant correlation with citywide achievement test scores. Both these tests were significant for predicting those students in the lower 25% of the class for all grades in both years of the screenings.
Early detection and remediation increased the potential for more effective learning in a small sample size of 25 children. Further studies involving larger sample sizes are indicated.
1998 - 1999年对纽约市三所公立学校的儿童进行了筛查。这三所学校曾在1996 - 1997年接受过筛查。这使得能够比较这两年间的转诊率。此外，我们能够追踪在这两年间就读于这些学校的个体儿童。最后，利用全市成绩测试分数的结果，我们能够将特定的视力筛查测试与学业表现相关联。
对每年的结果进行分析，以确定转诊频率和筛查程序失败方面是否存在任何趋势。转诊标准是在一项或多项筛查组套测试中不合格。此外，将儿童的视力筛查表现与其阅读成绩测试分数进行比较。对班级前25%和后25%的儿童的视力筛查结果进行了评估，并监测了基于验光干预的学业进步情况。
1996 - 1997年接受筛查的儿童中有29%被转诊。这与1998 - 1999年发现的25%的转诊率相匹配。与1996 - 1997年的筛查（30%）相比，1998 - 1999年的筛查在功能性视力测试中的转诊率（35%）高于视力敏锐度筛查程序。金德维克眼动测试和远视评估筛查与全市成绩测试分数显示出显著相关性。在这两年的筛查中，这两项测试对于预测所有年级班级中处于后25%的学生都具有显著性。
在25名儿童的小样本中，早期发现和矫正增加了更有效学习的可能性。表明需要进行涉及更大样本量的进一步研究。
