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智利两个城市地区学童屈光不正患病率及眼镜佩戴率

Prevalence of refractive error and spectacle coverage in schoolchildren in two urban areas of Chile.

作者信息

Barria Fernando, Conte Francisco, Muñoz Sergio, Leasher Janet L, Silva Juan Carlos

机构信息

Regional Hospital, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.

Los Andes Ophthalmological Foundation, Santiago, Chile.

出版信息

Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2018 May 4;42:e61. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2018.61. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess the impact of efforts to reduce visual impairment by detecting and treating refractive errors (REs) among schoolchildren in two urban areas of Chile.

METHODS

In 2013, in the communities of Concepción and La Florida, we conducted a multicenter, multistage-sampling, cross-sectional study employing methods used by the Refractive Error Study in Children (RESC) survey. Best-corrected visual acuity was assessed using pinhole, with and without glasses. The coverage for correcting visual impairment due to refractive error was estimated.

RESULTS

We examined 5 412 schoolchildren, in the communities of Concepción (n = 3 049) and La Florida (n = 2 363). Uncorrected visual acuity (VA) of > 0.63 in at least one eye was found in 4 721 children (87.23%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 86.58%-88.30%). Of the remaining children, 1 017 of them (18.79%; 95% CI: 17.78%-19.80%) had a VA of < 0.5 in at least one eye. Of the 691 children with uncorrected visual impairment with both eyes open (12.77%; 95% CI: 11.9%-13.64%), 476 of them (8.76%; 95% CI: 8.03%-9.49%) achieved normal vision using best possible correction, and with 271 of the 476 (56.93%) having a normal presenting VA in the better eye.

CONCLUSIONS

We found an increased coverage of services for RE-associated visual impairment and an increased percentage of children wearing glasses as compared to values reported for La Florida in an article published in 2000. The National Board of School Aid and Scholarships (JUNAEB) in Chile is achieving better results in its schoolchildren eye care program.

摘要

目的

评估在智利两个城市地区通过检测和治疗学龄儿童屈光不正(RE)来减少视力损害所做努力的影响。

方法

2013年,在康塞普西翁和拉弗洛里达社区,我们采用儿童屈光不正研究(RESC)调查所使用的方法进行了一项多中心、多阶段抽样的横断面研究。使用针孔视力计评估最佳矫正视力,分别在戴眼镜和不戴眼镜的情况下进行。估计了因屈光不正导致的视力损害的矫正覆盖率。

结果

我们检查了康塞普西翁社区(n = 3049)和拉弗洛里达社区(n = 2363)的5412名学龄儿童。4721名儿童(87.23%;95%置信区间(CI):86.58% - 88.30%)至少一只眼睛的未矫正视力(VA)> 0.63。其余儿童中,1017名(18.79%;95% CI:17.78% - 19.80%)至少一只眼睛的VA < 0.5。在691名双眼未矫正视力受损的儿童中(12.77%;95% CI:11.9% -

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