Simpson Patricia A, Stroh Linda K
Institute of Human Resources and Industrial Relations, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
J Appl Psychol. 2004 Aug;89(4):715-21. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.89.4.715.
This survey study examined the emotional expression content of human resources jobs and how the content varies by gender. On the basis of findings, it appeared that women more often conform to feminine display rules, which require the suppression of negative emotions and the simulation of positive emotions. In contrast, men more often adopted masculine display rules, which require the suppression of positive emotions and the simulation of negative ones. For both men and women, emotional dissonance generated by a feminine display-rule pattern was positively correlated with feelings of personal inauthenticity at work. Gender modified the relationship between emotional dissonance and gender only in that women who adopted the masculine display-rule pattern reported feeling the least personally inauthentic of all.
这项调查研究考察了人力资源工作中的情绪表达内容以及该内容如何因性别而异。根据研究结果，女性似乎更常遵循女性化的表现规则，即抑制负面情绪并模拟正面情绪。相比之下，男性更常采用男性化的表现规则，即抑制正面情绪并模拟负面情绪。对于男性和女性而言，女性化表现规则模式产生的情绪失调与工作中的个人不真实感呈正相关。性别仅在以下方面改变了情绪失调与性别的关系，即采用男性化表现规则模式的女性报告称自己在所有人中感觉最不个人不真实。
