Mello Andrea de Abreu Feijó de, Mello Marcelo Feijó de, Carpenter Linda L, Price Lawrence H
Butler Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown Medical School, Rhode Island, USA.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2003 Oct;25(4):231-8. doi: 10.1590/s1516-44462003000400010. Epub 2004 Jan 15.
Over the past 50 years, relationships between stress and the neurobiological changes seen in psychiatric disorders have been well-documented. A major focus of investigations in this area has been the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, both as a marker of stress response and as a mediator of additional downstream pathophysiologic changes. This review examines the emerging literature concerning the relationship between stress, HPA axis function, and depression, as well as the role of early life stress as an important risk factor for HPA axis dysregulation. The more recent studies reviewed suggest that the prominence of HPA axis hyperactivity in adults with depressive and anxiety disorders may constitute a link between the occurrence of adversity in childhood and the development of adult psychopathology.
在过去50年里，压力与精神疾病中所见神经生物学变化之间的关系已有充分记录。该领域研究的一个主要焦点是下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的作用，它既是应激反应的标志物，也是其他下游病理生理变化的介导者。本文综述了有关压力、HPA轴功能与抑郁症之间关系的最新文献，以及早期生活压力作为HPA轴失调重要危险因素的作用。所综述的最新研究表明，抑郁和焦虑症成年患者中HPA轴功能亢进的突出表现可能构成童年逆境的发生与成人精神病理学发展之间的联系。
