Leaf A A, Leighfield M J, Costeloe K L, Crawford M A
Joint Academic Department of Child Health, Medical College of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, England.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1992 Apr;14(3):300-8. doi: 10.1097/00005176-199204000-00011.
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) composition of choline phosphoglycerides was measured in the plasma of 22 preterm infants at birth and at expected date of delivery (EDD). In a subgroup of 10 infants, data were also collected at regular intervals between birth and EDD. Levels at birth showed a positive correlation between arachidonic acid (AA) and birth weight, p less than 0.01, and between docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and gestational age, p less than 0.01. Percentage compositions of both AA and DHA fell rapidly between preterm birth and expected date of delivery, at a time when they would remain high in utero. For AA, the mean value fell from 16.52 to 7.18%, and for DHA from 4.49 to 2.63%. Levels of DHA fell less in babies fed breast milk than in those fed formula milk, p less than 0.05, and levels of AA fell less in those requiring a large number of blood transfusions, p less than 0.05. The level of DHA fell more in those infants with intrauterine growth retardation, p less than 0.05. Although these nutrients share common metabolic pathways for their synthesis, they appear to be affected by different factors in both the fetus and the preterm infant. Low levels at this time may adversely affect brain and retinal development.
对22名早产儿出生时及预产期时血浆中胆碱磷酸甘油酯的长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFA）组成进行了测定。在10名婴儿的亚组中，还在出生至预产期期间定期收集数据。出生时的水平显示，花生四烯酸（AA）与出生体重之间呈正相关（p<0.01），二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）与胎龄之间呈正相关（p<0.01）。从早产到预产期，AA和DHA的百分比组成均迅速下降，而在子宫内时它们会保持在较高水平。对于AA，平均值从16.52%降至7.18%，对于DHA，从4.49%降至2.63%。母乳喂养婴儿的DHA水平下降幅度小于配方奶喂养婴儿（p<0.05），大量输血婴儿的AA水平下降幅度较小（p<0.05）。宫内生长迟缓婴儿的DHA水平下降幅度更大（p<0.05）。尽管这些营养素在合成过程中共享共同的代谢途径，但它们在胎儿和早产儿中似乎受到不同因素的影响。此时的低水平可能会对大脑和视网膜发育产生不利影响。
