Galdeano C Maldonado, Perdigón G
Centro de Referencias para Lactobacilos (CERELA), Chacabuco, Tucumán, Argentina, and Cátedra de Inmunología, Instituto de Microbiología, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Argentina.
J Appl Microbiol. 2004;97(4):673-81. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02353.x.
To determine how probiotic bacteria contact with intestinal epithelial and immune cells and the conditions to induce a good mucosal immune stimulation.
Lactobacillus casei was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to determine its interaction with the gut. We compared the influence of viable and nonviable lactic acid bacteria on the intestinal mucosal immune system (IMIS) and their persistence in the gut of mice. TEM showed whole Lact. casei adhered to the villi; the bacterial antigen was found in the cytoplasm of the enterocytes. Viable bacteria stimulated the IMIS to a greater extent than nonviable bacteria with the exception of Lact. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. For all the strains assayed at 72 h no antigenic particles were found in the intestine.
Antigenic particles but not the whole bacteria can enter to epithelial cells and contact with the immune cells. Bacterial viability is a condition for a better stimulation of the IMIS.
We demonstrated that only antigenic particle interact with the immune cells and their fast clearance from the gut agrees with those described for the particulate antigens. The regular consumption of probiotics should not adversely affect the host.
确定益生菌与肠道上皮细胞和免疫细胞的接触方式以及诱导良好黏膜免疫刺激的条件。
通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究干酪乳杆菌，以确定其与肠道的相互作用。我们比较了活的和非活的乳酸菌对肠道黏膜免疫系统（IMIS）的影响及其在小鼠肠道中的持久性。透射电子显微镜显示完整的干酪乳杆菌附着在绒毛上；在肠上皮细胞的细胞质中发现了细菌抗原。除德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种外，活细菌比非活细菌对IMIS的刺激作用更大。在72小时时检测的所有菌株中，肠道内均未发现抗原颗粒。
抗原颗粒而非完整细菌可进入上皮细胞并与免疫细胞接触。细菌的活力是更好地刺激IMIS的一个条件。
我们证明只有抗原颗粒与免疫细胞相互作用，并且它们从肠道的快速清除与针对颗粒性抗原所描述的情况一致。定期食用益生菌不应给宿主带来不利影响。
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