Fassino S, Daga G Abbate, Delsedime N, Rogna L, Boggio S
Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatric Institute, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 11, 10126 Torino, Italy.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2004 Oct 5;76(1):73-80. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.04.005.
The aim of this study is to describe the personality disorders (PD) and personality profile of heroin-abusers and their quality of life (QoL), and to investigate the correlation between the two.
One hundred and eighty heroin-abusers during their residential treatment participated in the study. The Structured Clinical Interview-II (SCID-II) allowed the identification of two subgroups of heroin-abusers on the basis of presence/absence of a PD. All patients filled in the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), the McGill QoL Questionnaire (MQOL) and an anamnestic sheet. A control group of 63 non-clinical subjects was recruited.
Abusers with a PD differ in their personality profile from abusers without PD and score lower on the total MQOL. As regards TCI scales, novelty seeking (NS), reward dependence (RD) and self-directedness (SD) predict the age of onset of the abuse, while cooperativeness (C) is a predictor of the number of community admissions.
Low scores on self-directedness and cooperativeness in abusers support the hypothesis of an immature character and relational difficulties. Novelty seeking is the only dimension which is altered both in abusers with and without a PD and is not strictly dependent on Axis II comorbidity. QoL is lower in abusers than in controls, according to their physical, psychological and existential suffering. Last, an interesting link emerged between personality and perceived QoL.
本研究旨在描述海洛因滥用者的人格障碍（PD）、人格特征及其生活质量（QoL），并调查两者之间的相关性。
180名接受住院治疗的海洛因滥用者参与了该研究。通过结构化临床访谈-II（SCID-II），根据是否存在人格障碍确定了两组海洛因滥用者。所有患者均填写了气质和性格量表（TCI）、麦吉尔生活质量问卷（MQOL）以及一份既往史表格。招募了一个由63名非临床受试者组成的对照组。
患有PD的滥用者在人格特征上与未患PD的滥用者不同，且在MQOL总分上得分较低。在TCI量表方面，寻求新奇（NS）、奖赏依赖（RD）和自我导向（SD）可预测滥用的起始年龄，而合作性（C）是社区收治次数的一个预测指标。
滥用者在自我导向和合作性方面得分较低，支持了其性格不成熟和人际关系困难的假设。寻求新奇是唯一在患有和未患PD的滥用者中均发生改变的维度，且并不严格依赖于轴II共病情况。根据滥用者在身体、心理和生存方面的痛苦，其生活质量低于对照组。最后，人格与感知到的生活质量之间出现了一个有趣的联系。
