Teixeira Sylvia Lopes Maia, Bastos Francisco Inácio, Telles Paulo Roberto, Hacker Mariana A, Brigido Luis F, de F Oliveira Carmem Aparecida, Bongertz Vera, Morgado Mariza Gonçalves
Laboratory of AIDS and Molecular Immunology, Department of Immunology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365, Leonidas Deane Building, Room #413, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
J Clin Virol. 2004 Nov;31(3):221-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2004.03.016.
Due to their behavioral conditions and vulnerability, injection drug users (IDUs) are prone to multiple simultaneous or sequential infections with distinct HIV-1 subtypes and variants, making them a key population for molecular epidemiology surveillance. In the present study, we evaluated HIV-1 infection seroprevalence, genetic diversity and estimated incidence among IDUs and ex-injection drug users (ex-IDUs) from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Six hundred and eight IDUs and ex-IDUs, recruited between 1999 and 2001, were interviewed and agreed to donate 30 ml of blood. The serologic status for HIV infection was determined by two ELISAs and confirmed by IFA. CD4+ T-cell percentages were assessed by flow cytometry. HIV-1 positive samples were submitted to viral load quantification. DNA samples were PCR amplified and HIV-1 subtypes were determined using env and gag HMA.
Forty-eight (7.89%) individuals were seropositive for HIV-1 infection. The seroincidence of HIV-1 infection was estimated as 0.76%. HIV-1 env and gag subtyping identified 29 (69%) samples as belonging to subtype B, 7 (16.7%) to subtype F, and 6 (14.3%) discordant env/gag genomes infections, indicating the circulation of recombinant viruses in this population.
注射吸毒者因其行为状况和易感性，容易同时或先后感染多种不同的HIV-1亚型和变体，这使其成为分子流行病学监测的重点人群。在本研究中，我们评估了巴西里约热内卢注射吸毒者和曾经的注射吸毒者（曾吸毒者）中HIV-1感染的血清流行率、基因多样性并估计了发病率。
1999年至2001年间招募的608名注射吸毒者和曾吸毒者接受了访谈，并同意捐献30毫升血液。通过两种酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）确定HIV感染的血清学状态，并通过间接荧光抗体试验（IFA）进行确认。通过流式细胞术评估CD4+ T细胞百分比。对HIV-1阳性样本进行病毒载量定量。对DNA样本进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增，并使用env和gag异源双链分析（HMA）确定HIV-1亚型。
48名（7.89%）个体HIV-1感染血清学呈阳性。HIV-1感染的血清发病率估计为0.76%。HIV-1 env和gag亚型分析确定29个（69%）样本属于B亚型，7个（16.7%）属于F亚型，6个（14.3%）为env/gag基因组不一致感染，表明该人群中存在重组病毒的传播。
