Johnsen Nina F, Hausner Helene, Olsen Anja, Tetens Inge, Christensen Jane, Knudsen Knud Erik Bach, Overvad Kim, Tjønneland Anne
Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, The Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Nutr. 2004 Oct;134(10):2691-7. doi: 10.1093/jn/134.10.2691.
The mammalian lignan enterolactone (ENL), which is produced from dietary plant-lignan precursors by the intestinal microflora, may protect against breast cancer and other hormone-dependent cancers. This cross-sectional study examined which variables related to diet and lifestyle were associated with high plasma concentrations of ENL in Danish postmenopausal women. Plasma ENL was measured by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay in 857 Danish women aged 50-64 y who participated in a prospective cohort study. Diet was assessed using a semiquantitative FFQ, and background information on lifestyle was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Multiple analyses of covariance were completed in two steps. The median plasma ENL concentration was 27 nmol/L (range 0-455 nmol/L). In covariance analyses, positive associations were found between consumption of cereals, vegetables, and beverages and plasma ENL concentration. When analyzing subgroups of these food groups, the associations were confined to whole-grain products, cabbage, leafy vegetables, and coffee. For fat and the nondietary variables, negative associations between BMI, smoking, and frequency of bowel movements and plasma ENL concentration were observed. These data show that foods high in ENL precursors are associated with high concentrations of ENL. Furthermore, smoking, frequent bowel movements, and consumption of fat seems to have a negative affect on the ENL concentration. In conclusion, whole grains and vegetables are the most important dietary providers of plant lignans for the concentration of ENL in Danish postmenopausal women, and if ENL is found to protect against cancer or heart disease, the intake of whole grains and vegetables should be increased.
哺乳动物木脂素肠内酯（ENL）由肠道微生物群从膳食植物木脂素前体产生，可能预防乳腺癌和其他激素依赖性癌症。这项横断面研究调查了丹麦绝经后女性中哪些与饮食和生活方式相关的变量与血浆中高浓度的ENL有关。采用时间分辨荧光免疫分析法对857名年龄在50 - 64岁、参与一项前瞻性队列研究的丹麦女性进行血浆ENL检测。使用半定量食物频率问卷评估饮食情况，并通过自填问卷收集生活方式背景信息。协方差的多重分析分两步完成。血浆ENL浓度中位数为27 nmol/L（范围0 - 455 nmol/L）。在协方差分析中，发现谷物、蔬菜和饮料的摄入量与血浆ENL浓度呈正相关。在分析这些食物组的亚组时，这种关联仅限于全谷物产品、卷心菜、叶菜类蔬菜和咖啡。对于脂肪和非饮食变量，观察到体重指数（BMI）、吸烟和排便频率与血浆ENL浓度呈负相关。这些数据表明，富含ENL前体的食物与高浓度的ENL有关。此外，吸烟、频繁排便和脂肪摄入似乎对ENL浓度有负面影响。总之，对于丹麦绝经后女性ENL浓度而言，全谷物和蔬菜是植物木脂素最重要的膳食来源，如果发现ENL能预防癌症或心脏病，应增加全谷物和蔬菜的摄入量。
