Maloney Susan A, Weinberg Michelle
Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2004 Jul;15(3):137-49. doi: 10.1053/j.spid.2004.05.002.
An estimated 1.9 million children travel overseas annually. Infectious disease risks associated with international travel are diverse and depend on the destination, planned activities, and baseline medical history. Children have special needs and vulnerabilities that should be addressed when preparing for travel abroad. Children should have a pretravel health assessment that includes recommendations for both routine and special travel-related vaccination; malaria chemoprophylaxis, if indicated; and prevention counseling regarding insect and animal exposures, food and water safety, and avoiding injuries. Special consideration should be given to children with chronic diseases. Families should be given anticipatory guidance for management of potential illnesses and information about the location of medical resources overseas.
据估计，每年有190万儿童出国旅行。与国际旅行相关的传染病风险多种多样，取决于目的地、计划开展的活动以及既往病史。儿童有特殊需求和易感性，在准备出国旅行时应予以关注。儿童应进行行前健康评估，包括针对常规和与旅行相关的特殊疫苗接种的建议；如有指征，进行疟疾化学预防；以及关于昆虫和动物接触、食品和水安全及避免受伤的预防咨询。患有慢性病的儿童应给予特别考虑。应向家庭提供关于潜在疾病管理的预期指导以及海外医疗资源地点的信息。
