Bögels Susan M, Mansell Warren
Department of Medical, Clinical and Experimental Psychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2004 Nov;24(7):827-56. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2004.06.005.
Four domains of evidence regarding the relationship between attention and social phobia are reviewed: (1) possible maintaining factor, (2) causal relationship, (3) specific relationship and (4) mediator of change during treatment. Two areas of research are covered and integrated: vigilance-avoidance of social threat stimuli and self-focused attention. There is empirical support for these processes as possible maintaining factors that are specific to patients and non-clinical samples with high levels of social anxiety. There is reasonable evidence to promote the use of attentional strategies in the treatment of social phobia, although better controlled studies are required. We propose six overlapping mechanisms that could be responsible for change: reduced vigilance; reduced avoidance; reduced self-focused attention; mindfulness; increased attentional control; increased self-esteem.
（1）可能的维持因素；（2）因果关系；（3）特定关系；（4）治疗过程中的变化中介。涵盖并整合了两个研究领域：对社交威胁刺激的警惕-回避和自我关注。有实证支持这些过程作为可能的维持因素，这些因素对于患有高水平社交焦虑的患者和非临床样本具有特异性。有合理的证据支持在社交恐惧症治疗中使用注意力策略，尽管还需要更好的对照研究。我们提出了六个可能导致变化的重叠机制：降低警惕；减少回避；减少自我关注；正念；增强注意力控制；提高自尊。
