Hoel Sindre, Eriksen Bjørn Magne, Breidablik Hans-Johan, Meland Eivind
Faculty of Medicine, Bergen, Norway.
Scand J Public Health. 2004;32(5):361-7. doi: 10.1080/14034940410027894.
Alcohol use and intoxication are highly prevalent among adolescents and may be an important element of the socialization process in the teenage years. Significant short- and long-term health consequences seem evident. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and several aspects of psychological health and social integration in adolescents.
The study is based on data from a 1997 cross-sectional survey of 828 Norwegian tertiary school students in Forde (91% of all students). Three hundred and eighty (46%) were female. The majority of students were aged 20 or younger, with 64% aged 15-17. Four groups were defined according to frequency of alcohol intoxication. Emotional health and social integration in the four groups are reported as means and the differences from the reference groups (with 95% confidence limits) were estimated. Control of confounding and interaction was performed.
The study reveals that alcohol intoxication is an established element of mid-teenage behaviour for both sexes. It was found that depressive complaints and psychosomatic problems increased with increasing frequency of intoxication. Alcohol use is not only associated with improving friendship quantity but also with an improved quality of friendships. Heavy consumers report greater problems with relations with school and with their parents, especially in early adolescence.
Though adolescents with moderate and heavy alcohol consumption are more sociable with friends, abstainers and light drinkers appear emotionally healthier. They succeed to a greater extent in a wide variety of social arenas, particularly in comparison with heavy consumers.
饮酒和醉酒在青少年中极为普遍，可能是青少年时期社会化过程的一个重要因素。明显存在重大的短期和长期健康后果。本研究的目的是调查青少年饮酒与心理健康和社会融入几个方面之间的关系。
该研究基于1997年对福德828名挪威高等院校学生（占所有学生的91%）进行的横断面调查数据。380名（46%）为女性。大多数学生年龄在20岁及以下，64%的学生年龄在15 - 17岁。根据醉酒频率定义了四组。四组中的情绪健康和社会融入情况以均值报告，并估计了与参照组的差异（95%置信区间）。进行了混杂因素和交互作用的控制。
研究表明，醉酒是青少年中期男女行为的一个既定要素。研究发现，抑郁症状和心身问题随着醉酒频率的增加而增多。饮酒不仅与友谊数量的增加有关，还与友谊质量的提高有关。大量饮酒者报告在与学校和父母的关系方面存在更大问题，尤其是在青春期早期。
尽管中度和大量饮酒的青少年与朋友相处更善于社交，但戒酒者和轻度饮酒者在情绪上似乎更健康。他们在各种社交领域取得更大成功，尤其是与大量饮酒者相比。
