Neumann A, Reske T, Held M, Jahnke K, Ragoss C, Maier H R
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2004 Oct;15(10):1135-40. doi: 10.1023/B:JMSM.0000046396.14073.92.
There is a controversy about the biocompatibility of silicon nitride ceramics contained in the literature, which appears to be related to a factor of the individual chemical composition of different qualities of silicon nitride ceramics and of the different surface properties. This study attempts to investigate the cytotoxicity of different qualities of industrial silicon nitride ceramics applying an L929-cell culture model in a direct contact assay combined with a cell viability assessment. Five different qualities of industrial standard silicon nitride ceramics were chosen for in vitro testing. The chemical composition was determined by EDS analysis. Different biomedically approved aluminium oxide qualities, a titanium alloy, glass and polyvinylchloride (PVC) served as control materials. L929 mice fibroblasts were incubated directly on the materials for 24 h, stained with bisbenzimide and propidium iodine for double fluorochromasia viability testing, and evaluated by inversion-fluorescence microscopy to control cell morphology, viability and cell counts compared to empty well values. Scanning electron microscopy was applied to additionally investigate cell morphology. There was no observation of cytotoxic effects on the silicon nitride ceramic samples; moreover cell morphology remained the same as on aluminium oxide and titanium. Viability testing revealed the presence of avital cells exclusively on PVC, which served as a negative control. Cell counts on all polished surfaces showed significantly higher numbers, whereas some rough surface samples showed significantly lower numbers. We conclude that silicon nitride ceramics show no cytotoxic effects and should be considered for biomedical application owing to its favourable physiochemical properties, especially its superior resistance to mechanical stress, which would be useful for compression loaded conditions. Polished surfaces would appear to promote advanced biocompatibility.
文献中关于氮化硅陶瓷的生物相容性存在争议，这似乎与不同质量的氮化硅陶瓷的个体化学成分以及不同的表面性质这一因素有关。本研究试图应用L929细胞培养模型，通过直接接触试验结合细胞活力评估，来研究不同质量的工业氮化硅陶瓷的细胞毒性。选择了五种不同质量的工业标准氮化硅陶瓷进行体外测试。通过能谱分析确定化学成分。选用不同的经生物医学认可的氧化铝材料、一种钛合金、玻璃和聚氯乙烯（PVC）作为对照材料。将L929小鼠成纤维细胞直接接种在材料上培养24小时，用双苯甲酰亚胺和碘化丙啶染色进行双荧光染色活力测试，并通过倒置荧光显微镜进行评估，以对照空孔值来控制细胞形态、活力和细胞计数。应用扫描电子显微镜进一步研究细胞形态。未观察到氮化硅陶瓷样品有细胞毒性作用；此外，细胞形态与氧化铝和钛上的相同。活力测试显示仅在作为阴性对照的PVC上存在死细胞。所有抛光表面上的细胞计数显示数量显著更高，而一些粗糙表面样品显示数量显著更低。我们得出结论，氮化硅陶瓷没有细胞毒性作用，由于其良好的物理化学性质，特别是其对机械应力的卓越抗性，在压缩加载条件下会很有用，因此应考虑用于生物医学应用。抛光表面似乎能促进更好的生物相容性。
