Marot-Leblond Agnes, Grimaud Linda, David Sandrine, Sullivan Derek J, Coleman David C, Ponton Jose, Robert Raymond
Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite, UPRES EA 3142, UFR de Sciences Pharmaceutiques et d'Ingénierie de la Santé, Angers, France.
J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Nov;42(11):4956-60. doi: 10.1128/JCM.42.11.4956-4960.2004.
Candida dubliniensis was first established as a novel yeast species in 1995. It is particularly associated with recurrent episodes of oral candidosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, but it has also been detected at other anatomical sites and at a low incidence level in non-HIV-infected patients. It shares so many phenotypic characteristics with C. albicans that it is easily misidentified as such. No rapid, simple, and commercial test that allows differentiation between C. dubliniensis and C. albicans has been developed, until now. Accurate species identification requires the use of genotype-based techniques that are not routinely available in most clinical microbiology diagnostic laboratories. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficiency of a new test (the immunochromatographic membrane [ICM] albi-dubli test; SR2B, Avrille, France) to differentiate between C. albicans and C. dubliniensis. The organisms evaluated were strains whose identities had previously been confirmed by PCR tests and freshly isolated clinical strains and included 58 C. albicans isolates, 60 C. dubliniensis isolates, and 82 isolates belonging to other species of yeast. The ICM albi-dubli test is based on the principle of immunochromatographic analysis and involves the use of two distinct monoclonal antibodies that recognize two unrelated epitopes expressed by both species or specific to only one species. The assay requires no complex instrumentation for analysis and can be recommended for routine use in clinical microbiology laboratories. Results are obtained within 2 h and 30 min and are easy to interpret. This evaluation demonstrated the good performance of this immunochromatographic test for C. albicans and C. dubliniensis isolated on Sabouraud dextrose agar, CHOROMagar Candida, and CandidaSelect, with sensitivities and specificities ranging from 93.1 to 100%. These parameters decreased, however, to 91.4% when the test was performed with yeast isolated with Candida ID.
白假丝酵母在1995年首次被确立为一种新的酵母菌种。它特别与人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者的复发性口腔念珠菌病发作有关，但在其他解剖部位也有发现，且在未感染HIV的患者中发病率较低。它与白色念珠菌有许多表型特征相同，以至于很容易被误认。到目前为止，尚未开发出一种快速、简单且商业化的检测方法来区分都柏林念珠菌和白色念珠菌。准确的菌种鉴定需要使用基于基因型的技术，而大多数临床微生物学诊断实验室通常无法常规使用这些技术。本研究旨在评估一种新检测方法（免疫层析膜[ICM]白 - 都柏林检测法；SR2B，法国阿维勒）区分白色念珠菌和都柏林念珠菌的效率。所评估的菌株包括先前通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测确认身份的菌株以及新分离的临床菌株，其中有58株白色念珠菌分离株、60株都柏林念珠菌分离株和82株属于其他酵母菌种的分离株。ICM白 - 都柏林检测法基于免疫层析分析原理，涉及使用两种不同的单克隆抗体，它们识别两种菌种共同表达或仅对一种菌种特异的两个不相关表位。该检测方法无需复杂的分析仪器，可推荐用于临床微生物学实验室的常规使用。在2小时30分钟内即可获得结果，且易于解读。该评估表明，这种免疫层析检测法对于在沙氏葡萄糖琼脂、CHOROMagar念珠菌培养基和念珠菌选择培养基上分离的白色念珠菌和都柏林念珠菌表现良好，灵敏度和特异性范围为93.1%至100%。然而，当使用念珠菌鉴定培养基分离的酵母进行检测时，这些参数降至91.4%。
