Tot Senel, Yazici Kemal, Yazici Aylin, Metin Ozmen, Bal Nilgün, Erdem Pervin
Department of Psychiatry, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey.
Public Health. 2004 Dec;118(8):588-93. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2004.02.009.
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of psychosocial factors such as peer group, family and academic self-perception on smoking, alcohol and substance use by adolescents living in Mersin, Turkey. The study included a total of 3282 students from the sixth and tenth grades and college. The number of participating students required from each school was obtained through stratification, and by weighing the enrolled student population in each subgroup. The final sample was derived using a simple random sampling technique. A 45-item self-administered questionnaire was used. The questionnaire included questions about socio-demographic characteristics and lifetime and current (i.e. within the past month) use of cigarettes, alcohol, cannabis, inhalants and other illicit drugs (heroin, cocaine, sedative-hypnotic drugs, etc.). This study found that: (1) higher socio-economic status of the family increased the likelihood of smoking and alcohol use in adolescents; (2) the prevalence of alcohol use was higher in adolescents whose mothers had a higher educational level and whose mothers and fathers drank alcohol; (3) there was a significant association between substance use and having a peer who used a substance; and (4) the prevalence of smoking was significantly higher in students who perceived their academic performance to be poor. Understanding the role and importance of psychosocial factors associated with smoking, alcohol and substance use will be crucial to develop preventive measures for adolescents.
本研究的目的是确定诸如同龄人群体、家庭和学业自我认知等社会心理因素对生活在土耳其梅尔辛的青少年吸烟、饮酒和使用毒品的影响。该研究共纳入了3282名来自六年级、十年级和大学的学生。通过分层并权衡每个亚组中登记的学生人数，确定了每所学校所需的参与学生数量。最终样本采用简单随机抽样技术得出。使用了一份包含45个条目的自填式问卷。该问卷包括有关社会人口学特征以及终生和当前（即过去一个月内）使用香烟、酒精、大麻、吸入剂和其他非法药物（海洛因、可卡因、镇静催眠药物等）的问题。本研究发现：（1）家庭社会经济地位较高会增加青少年吸烟和饮酒的可能性；（2）母亲教育水平较高且父母饮酒的青少年中，饮酒的患病率更高；（3）使用毒品与有使用毒品的同龄人之间存在显著关联；（4）认为自己学业成绩较差的学生中，吸烟的患病率显著更高。了解与吸烟、饮酒和使用毒品相关的社会心理因素的作用和重要性对于制定青少年预防措施至关重要。
