Piek Jan P, Dyck Murray J, Nieman Ally, Anderson Mike, Hay David, Smith Leigh M, McCoy Mairead, Hallmayer Joachim
School of Psychology, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Australia.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2004 Dec;19(8):1063-76. doi: 10.1016/j.acn.2003.12.007.
Given the high level of comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD), deficits in executive function (EF), shown to be present in children with ADHD, may also be implicated in the motor coordination deficits of children with DCD. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between EF and motor ability. A sample of 238 children, 121 girls and 117 boys, aged between 6 and 15 years was recruited for this project. Motor ability was assessed using the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND), level of inattention using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and Verbal IQ (VIQ) was estimated using subtests of the WISC-III. A reaction time task and three EF tasks measuring response inhibition, working memory and the ability to plan and respond to goal-directed tasks were administered. It was found that motor ability significantly accounted for variance in tasks measuring speed of performance, whereas inattention appeared to influence performance variability. Despite past evidence linking poor motor ability with inattention, there was little overlap in the processes that are affected in children with motor coordination or attention problems.
鉴于注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与发育性协调障碍（DCD）的共病率很高，ADHD儿童中存在的执行功能（EF）缺陷，可能也与DCD儿童的运动协调缺陷有关。本研究的目的是探讨EF与运动能力之间的关系。该项目招募了238名年龄在6至15岁之间的儿童，其中121名女孩和117名男孩。使用麦卡伦神经肌肉发育评估（MAND）评估运动能力，使用儿童行为检查表（CBCL）评估注意力不集中程度，并使用韦氏儿童智力量表第三版（WISC-III）的子测验估计言语智商（VIQ）。实施了一项反应时间任务和三项EF任务，分别测量反应抑制、工作记忆以及计划和应对目标导向任务的能力。结果发现，运动能力在很大程度上解释了测量表现速度的任务中的差异，而注意力不集中似乎影响表现的变异性。尽管过去有证据表明运动能力差与注意力不集中有关，但运动协调或注意力有问题的儿童受影响的过程几乎没有重叠。
