Ferguson Melissa J, Bargh John A
Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2004 Nov;87(5):557-72. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.87.5.557.
Findings from 3 experiments suggest that participants who were actively engaged in goal pursuit, compared with those who were not pursuing the goal, automatically evaluated goal-relevant objects as relatively more positive than goal-irrelevant objects. In Experiment 3, participants' automatic evaluations also predicted their behavioral intentions toward goal-relevant objects. These results suggest the functional nature of automatic evaluation and are in harmony with the classic conceptualization of thinking and feeling as being in the service of "doing" (e.g., S. T. Fiske, 1992; W. James, 1890; K. Lewin, 1926) as well as with more recent work on the cognitive mechanics of goal pursuit (e.g., G. B. Moskowitz, 2002; J. Y. Shah & A.W. Kruglanski, 2002).
三项实验的结果表明，与未追求目标的参与者相比，积极参与目标追求的参与者会自动将与目标相关的物体评价为比与目标无关的物体相对更积极。在实验3中，参与者的自动评价还预测了他们对与目标相关物体的行为意图。这些结果表明了自动评价的功能性本质，并且与将思维和情感视为服务于“行动”的经典概念化观点（例如，S.T.菲斯克，1992年；W.詹姆斯，1890年；K.勒温，1926年）以及与近期关于目标追求的认知机制的研究（例如，G.B.莫斯科维茨，2002年；J.Y.沙阿和A.W.克鲁格兰斯基，2002年）相一致。
