Eitam Baruch, Hassin Ran R, Schul Yaacov
The Hebrew University, Department of Psychology, Mt. Scopus Campus, Jerusalem, Israel.
Psychol Sci. 2008 Mar;19(3):261-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02078.x.
Is nonconscious goal pursuit useful in novel environments? The prevalent view of automaticity and control implies that an unconscious mode of goal pursuit can only reproduce formerly learned actions, and therefore that its usefulness in novel environments is very limited. Our results demonstrate that this conclusion is not always warranted, as nonconscious goal pursuit facilitated participants' learning of the structure of completely novel environments. Specifically, two experiments, using markedly different implicit-learning paradigms, demonstrated facilitation of implicit learning when the goal of achievement was primed. We propose that nonconscious goal pursuit can facilitate not only reproductive operations, but also productive ones, and that implicit learning is sensitive to the organism's nonconscious goals.
无意识目标追求在新环境中有用吗？关于自动化与控制的普遍观点认为，目标追求的无意识模式只能重现先前习得的行为，因此其在新环境中的作用非常有限。我们的研究结果表明，这一结论并非总是成立，因为无意识目标追求促进了参与者对全新环境结构的学习。具体而言，两项使用显著不同的内隐学习范式的实验表明，当成就目标被启动时，内隐学习会得到促进。我们认为，无意识目标追求不仅可以促进重复性操作，还能促进创造性操作，并且内隐学习对有机体的无意识目标敏感。
