Desmonts Marie-Hélène, Dufour-Gesbert Fabienne, Avrain Laetitia, Kempf Isabelle
Aérial, rue Laurent Fries, Parc d'Innovation, BP 40443, 67412 Illkirch cédex, France.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004 Dec;54(6):1025-30. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkh473. Epub 2004 Nov 10.
The antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter strains isolated from standard and free-range broilers in 1992-1996 and 2001-2002 was studied.
Strains were isolated from caeca or skin samples collected from standard or free-range broilers arriving in slaughterhouses. The MICs of ampicillin, nalidixic acid, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin and gentamicin were determined by agar dilution and compared according to species (Campylobacter jejuni or Campylobacter coli), production system and sampling period.
Results showed that all chickens harboured Campylobacter. An increase over time of the C. coli/C. jejuni ratio for standard chickens occurred. A wide range of MICs was observed among isolates from the same broiler or from the same farm. Strains collected on entry to the slaughterhouse and after storage showed no significant difference in their antibiotic resistance. C. coli was more resistant than C. jejuni to tetracycline and erythromycin during the first period and to all tested molecules (except gentamicin) during the second period. Strains isolated from standard chickens were also more often resistant than those isolated from free-range broilers. The percentage of C. jejuni strains resistant to ampicillin decreased from 1992-1996 to 2001-2002, whereas no change could be observed for the other antimicrobial agents. However, for C. coli the resistance to ampicillin, nalidixic acid, enrofloxacin, tetracycline and erythromycin significantly increased.
There was an increase in the incidence of antibiotic resistance of C. coli between 1992-1996 and 2001-2002.
研究1992 - 1996年及2001 - 2002年从标准饲养和散养肉鸡中分离出的弯曲杆菌菌株的抗菌药敏性。
从抵达屠宰场的标准饲养或散养肉鸡的盲肠或皮肤样本中分离菌株。通过琼脂稀释法测定氨苄西林、萘啶酸、恩诺沙星、四环素、红霉素和庆大霉素的最低抑菌浓度（MIC），并根据菌种（空肠弯曲杆菌或结肠弯曲杆菌）、生产系统和采样时间进行比较。
结果显示所有鸡都携带弯曲杆菌。标准饲养鸡的结肠弯曲杆菌/空肠弯曲杆菌比例随时间增加。在同一肉鸡或同一农场分离出的菌株中观察到广泛的MIC范围。在进入屠宰场时和储存后收集的菌株在抗生素耐药性方面没有显著差异。在第一个时期，结肠弯曲杆菌比空肠弯曲杆菌对四环素和红霉素更耐药，在第二个时期对所有测试药物（除庆大霉素外）更耐药。从标准饲养鸡中分离出的菌株也比从散养肉鸡中分离出的菌株更常耐药。空肠弯曲杆菌对氨苄西林耐药的菌株百分比从1992 - 1996年到2001 - 2002年有所下降，而其他抗菌药物未观察到变化。然而，结肠弯曲杆菌对氨苄西林、萘啶酸、恩诺沙星、四环素和红霉素的耐药性显著增加。
1992 - 1996年至2001 - 2002年期间，结肠弯曲杆菌的抗生素耐药性发生率有所增加。
