Trout Kimberly K
University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia 19104-6096, USA.
J Midwifery Womens Health. 2004 Nov-Dec;49(6):482-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2004.07.009.
Women experience the pain of labor differently, with many factors contributing to their overall perception of pain. The neuromatrix theory of pain provides a framework that may explain why selected nonpharmacologic methods of pain relief can be quite effective for the relief of pain for the laboring woman. The concept of a pain "neuromatrix" suggests that perception of pain is simultaneously modulated by multiple influences. The theory was developed by Ronald Melzack and represents an expansion beyond his original "gate theory" of pain, first proposed in 1965 with P. D. Wall. This article reviews several nonpharmacologic methods of pain relief with implications for the practicing clinician. Providing adequate pain relief during labor and birth is an important component of caring for women during labor and birth.
女性对分娩疼痛的体验各不相同，有许多因素影响着她们对疼痛的总体感受。疼痛的神经矩阵理论提供了一个框架，或许可以解释为什么某些非药物性疼痛缓解方法对减轻分娩女性的疼痛非常有效。疼痛“神经矩阵”的概念表明，疼痛的感知同时受到多种因素的调节。该理论由罗纳德·梅尔扎克提出，是对他1965年与P.D. 沃尔首次提出的最初的“闸门理论”的扩展。本文综述了几种非药物性疼痛缓解方法及其对临床医生实践的启示。在分娩和生产过程中提供充分的疼痛缓解是照顾分娩女性的一个重要组成部分。
