Hughes S O, Power T G, Francis D J
Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Texas 77004.
J Stud Alcohol. 1992 Jan;53(1):40-7. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1992.53.40.
Most empirical approaches to defining patterns of adolescent alcohol consumption focus on frequency of drunkenness. In an attempt to define patterns of drinking in a more comprehensive way, the present study used measures of social context in addition to frequency and quantity of alcohol use. Subjects' scores on frequency, quantity and five social context variables were cluster analyzed separately for males and females. Results yielded four socially appropriate drinking patterns and three problem drinking patterns (two for males and one for females). Socially appropriate patterns for both sexes were light drinkers, light party drinkers, family drinkers and dating drinkers. Problem drinking patterns included school drinkers and solitary/stranger drinkers for males, and solitary/school drinkers for females. These groups of subjects showed significant differences on reasons for drinking and on drinking consequences even after differences due to frequency and quantity were statistically controlled. Effects of drinking primarily attributable to frequency and quantity appeared to be limited to differences concerning the physiological effects of alcohol.
大多数界定青少年饮酒模式的实证方法都聚焦于醉酒频率。为了更全面地界定饮酒模式，本研究除了使用饮酒频率和饮酒量的指标外，还采用了社会环境指标。分别对男性和女性在饮酒频率、饮酒量以及五个社会环境变量上的得分进行聚类分析。结果产生了四种社交适宜饮酒模式和三种问题饮酒模式（男性两种，女性一种）。两性的社交适宜模式分别为轻度饮酒者、轻度聚会饮酒者、家庭饮酒者和约会饮酒者。问题饮酒模式包括男性的校园饮酒者和独自/与陌生人饮酒者，以及女性的独自/校园饮酒者。即使在对因频率和饮酒量导致的差异进行统计控制之后，这些受试者群体在饮酒原因和饮酒后果方面仍存在显著差异。主要归因于频率和饮酒量的饮酒影响似乎仅限于与酒精生理影响相关的差异。
