Hilbig Annett, Freidank Natja, Kersting Mathilde, Wilhelm Michael, Wittsiepe Jürgen
Research Institute of Child Nutrition (FKE), Dortmund, Germany.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2004 Oct;207(5):463-71. doi: 10.1078/1438-4639-00317.
Dietary intakes of acrylamide for the general population were estimated by FAO/WHO to be in the range of 0.3 to 0.8 microg/(kg(bw) *d). It was supposed that children and adolescents would generally have intakes twice to three times higher than adults. However, relevant data is rare. Therefore, 3- or 7-day dietary records (n = 2956) from infants, children and adolescents aged 0.5 to 18 years from the DONALD study (2001) and other studies (RUB studies) were evaluated to estimate the potential dietary intake of acrylamide. Statistical data of the intake of 6 food groups relevant for acrylamide exposure were combined with available data for ranges of acrylamide concentrations in more than 1500 foods in Germany. Scenarios were calculated assuming minimum, median and maximum acrylamide concentration in food groups. Assuming median (minimum; maximum) acrylamide concentrations in foods and mean consumed food amounts, the calculated intake of acrylamide ranged from 0.21-0.43 (0.12-0.19; 0.98-1.79) microg/(kg(bw) *d) between the age groups from <1 to <19 years in the DONALD study and was 0.61 (0.21; 2.58) microg/(kg(bw) *d) from 1 to <7 years in the RUB studies. The highest intake was calculated for children aged 1-<7 years. The highest proportions of total intake of acrylamide came from the intake of commercial baby food (86-91%) in infants, and bread (18-46%), pastries (16-35%), and potato products (7-35%) in children and adolescents, depending on scenario and age. Our estimated data are in the range of reports from the literature for adolescents and adults in Germany and other European countries and lower than reports for infants. Our results do not confirm that children and adolescents will have higher exposures to acrylamide than adults. Practical suggestions to lower the risk of acrylamide exposure by food without decreasing the quality of the nutrition in the diet are given.
据粮农组织/世界卫生组织估计，普通人群膳食中丙烯酰胺的摄入量在0.3至0.8微克/（千克体重·天）之间。据推测，儿童和青少年的摄入量通常是成年人的两到三倍。然而，相关数据很少。因此，对来自DONALD研究（2001年）及其他研究（RUB研究）的2956份0.5至18岁婴儿、儿童和青少年的3天或7天饮食记录进行了评估，以估计丙烯酰胺的潜在膳食摄入量。将与丙烯酰胺暴露相关的6类食物摄入量的统计数据与德国1500多种食物中丙烯酰胺浓度范围的现有数据相结合。计算了假设食物组中丙烯酰胺浓度为最低、中位数和最高时的情况。假设食物中丙烯酰胺浓度为中位数（最低；最高）以及平均食物摄入量，在DONALD研究中，1至19岁年龄组的丙烯酰胺计算摄入量在0.21 - 0.43（0.12 - 0.19；0.98 - 1.79）微克/（千克体重·天）之间，在RUB研究中，1至7岁儿童的摄入量为0.61（0.21；2.58）微克/（千克体重·天）。计算得出1至7岁儿童的摄入量最高。根据不同情况和年龄，婴儿丙烯酰胺总摄入量的最大比例来自商业婴儿食品（86 - 91%），儿童和青少年则来自面包（18 - 46%）、糕点（16 - 35%）和土豆制品（7 - 35%）。我们估计的数据与德国和其他欧洲国家文献中关于青少年和成年人的报告范围相符，且低于关于婴儿的报告。我们的结果并未证实儿童和青少年接触丙烯酰胺的量会高于成年人。文中给出了在不降低饮食营养质量的情况下降低食物中丙烯酰胺暴露风险的实用建议。
