Timmermann Clara Amalie Gade, Mølck Signe Sonne, Kadawathagedara Manik, Bjerregaard Anne Ahrendt, Törnqvist Margareta, Brantsæter Anne Lise, Pedersen Marie
Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 1356 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Inserm, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail, 35000 Rennes, France.
Toxics. 2021 Jun 30;9(7):155. doi: 10.3390/toxics9070155.
The dietary intake of acrylamide (AA) is a health concern, and food is being monitored worldwide, but the extent of AA exposure from the diet is uncertain. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of estimated dietary intake. We performed a PubMed search identifying studies that used dietary questionnaires and recalls to estimate total dietary AA intake. A total of 101 studies were included, corresponding to 68 original study populations from 26 countries. Questionnaires were used in 57 studies, dietary recalls were used in 33 studies, and 11 studies used both methods. The estimated median AA intake ranged from 0.02 to 1.53 μg/kg body weight/day between studies. Children were represented in 25 studies, and the body-weight-adjusted estimated AA intake was up to three times higher for children than adults. The majority of studies were from Europe ( = 65), Asia ( = 17), and the USA ( = 12). Studies from Asia generally estimated lower intakes than studies from Europe and the USA. Differences in methods undermine direct comparison across studies. The assessment of AA intake through dietary questionnaires and recalls has limitations. The integration of these methods with the analysis of validated biomarkers of exposure/internal dose would improve the accuracy of dietary AA intake exposure estimation. This overview shows that AA exposure is widespread and the large variation across and within populations shows a potential for reduced intake among those with the highest exposure.
丙烯酰胺（AA）的膳食摄入量引发了人们对健康的关注，全球都在对食品进行监测，但通过饮食摄入AA的程度尚不确定。本综述的目的是概述估计的膳食摄入量。我们在PubMed上进行了搜索，找出了使用膳食问卷和回忆法来估计膳食中AA总摄入量的研究。总共纳入了101项研究，对应来自26个国家的68个原始研究人群。57项研究使用了问卷，33项研究使用了膳食回忆法，11项研究同时使用了这两种方法。各研究之间，估计的AA摄入量中位数在0.02至1.53微克/千克体重/天之间。25项研究中有儿童参与，按体重调整后，儿童估计的AA摄入量比成年人高出三倍。大多数研究来自欧洲（65项）、亚洲（17项）和美国（12项）。亚洲的研究通常比欧洲和美国的研究估计的摄入量更低。方法上的差异不利于对各项研究进行直接比较。通过膳食问卷和回忆法评估AA摄入量存在局限性。将这些方法与对经过验证的暴露/内剂量生物标志物的分析相结合，将提高膳食AA摄入量暴露估计的准确性。本综述表明，AA暴露很普遍，人群之间和人群内部的巨大差异表明，高暴露人群有降低摄入量的潜力。
