Ioos Renaud, Belhadj Assia, Menez Magali
Laboratoire National de la Protection des Végétaux, Unité de Mycologie Agricole et Forestière, Domaine de Pixérécourt, F-54220, Malzéville, France,
Mycopathologia. 2004 Oct;158(3):351-62. doi: 10.1007/s11046-004-2228-3.
Fusarium Head Blight of small grain cereal is a disease of growing concern in Europe. Along with Microdochium nivale, several species of Fusarium may be associated with the disease, including species that are potentially toxigenic. This paper describes the results of a large scale survey of the variety and frequency of different Fusarium species and M. nivale in France. A total of 749 soft wheat, durum wheat and barley samples were collected and analyzed from 2000 to 2002. The most frequent species isolated were F.graminearum, F. avenaceum and F. poae. The frequency of F. poae seems to have increased while M.nivale and F. culmorum appear less frequent than previously described in France. Other Fusarium species detected in decreasing prevalence were F. tricinctum, F. equiseti, F. acuminatum, F. sambucinum, F.sporotrichioides, F. moniliforme, F. heterosporum, F. subglutinans and F. oxysporum. All the most frequent pathogenic species and also the less pathogenic ones were frequently associated with individual fields. The implications of these associations for the protection of cereals crops and for contamination by mycotoxins are discussed.
小粒谷物的镰刀菌穗腐病在欧洲是一种日益受到关注的病害。与雪腐微座孢一起，几种镰刀菌可能与该病有关，包括具有潜在产毒能力的物种。本文描述了对法国不同镰刀菌物种和雪腐微座孢的种类及频率进行大规模调查的结果。在2000年至2002年期间，共收集并分析了749份软质小麦、硬质小麦和大麦样本。分离出的最常见物种是禾谷镰刀菌、燕麦镰刀菌和梨孢镰刀菌。梨孢镰刀菌的频率似乎有所增加，而雪腐微座孢和禾谷镰刀菌的频率似乎比法国此前描述的要低。检测到的其他镰刀菌物种，其流行率呈下降趋势的有三线镰刀菌、木贼镰刀菌、锐顶镰刀菌、接骨木镰刀菌、拟枝孢镰刀菌、串珠镰刀菌、异孢镰刀菌、亚粘团镰刀菌和尖孢镰刀菌。所有最常见的致病物种以及致病性较弱的物种都经常与单个田块有关。讨论了这些关联对谷物作物保护和霉菌毒素污染的影响。
