Hanson Nicole I, Neumark-Sztainer Dianne, Eisenberg Marla E, Story Mary, Wall Melanie
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2005 Feb;8(1):77-85. doi: 10.1079/phn2005661.
This study examines parental report of household food availability, parent dietary intake and associations with adolescent intakes of fruits, vegetables and dairy foods.
Cross-sectional study. Adolescents completed the Project EAT survey and the Youth Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire at school. Parents of adolescents were interviewed by telephone about the home food environment, eating habits and weight-related behaviours. General linear modelling was used to compare dietary intakes of adolescents across different levels of household food availability and parental intakes.
SUBJECTS/SETTING: The study sample included 902 adolescents and their parent or guardian.
Many parents were not consuming the minimum number of daily recommended fruit (44.5%), vegetable (69.9%) or dairy (46.9%) servings. While most parents reported that fruits and vegetables were available at home (90.3%) and vegetables were usually served at dinner (87.0%), fewer parents reported milk was served at meals (66.6%). Soft drinks were usually available at home (56.8%). Among girls, household availability was positively associated with fruit and vegetable intake (ttrend=2.70, P<0.01) and soft drink availability was inversely associated with dairy intake (ttrend=2.08, P=0.04). Among boys, serving milk at meals was positively associated with dairy intake (ttrend=3.65, P<0.01). Parental intakes were positively associated with dairy intake for boys (ttrend=2.04, P=0.04), and with dairy (ttrend=2.43, P=0.01), vegetable (ttrend=3.72, P<0.01) and fruit (ttrend=3.17, P<0.01) intakes for girls.
CONCLUSIONS/APPLICATIONS: Interventions designed to help adolescents improve consumption of fruits, vegetables and dairy foods may be enhanced by including a parental component aimed at increasing household availability and parents' intake of healthful food choices.
本研究调查了家长报告的家庭食物供应情况、家长的饮食摄入量以及与青少年水果、蔬菜和奶制品摄入量之间的关联。
横断面研究。青少年在学校完成了“吃得健康”项目调查以及青少年食物频率问卷。通过电话采访青少年的家长，了解家庭食物环境、饮食习惯和与体重相关的行为。使用一般线性模型比较不同家庭食物供应水平和家长摄入量下青少年的饮食摄入量。
研究对象/研究背景：研究样本包括902名青少年及其家长或监护人。
许多家长未达到每日推荐的水果（44.5%）、蔬菜（69.9%）或奶制品（46.9%）摄入量下限。虽然大多数家长报告家里有水果和蔬菜（90.3%），且晚餐通常会提供蔬菜（87.0%），但报告用餐时提供牛奶的家长较少（66.6%）。家里通常备有软饮料（56.8%）。在女孩中，家庭食物供应与水果和蔬菜摄入量呈正相关（t趋势=2.70，P<0.01），软饮料供应与奶制品摄入量呈负相关（t趋势=2.08，P=0.04）。在男孩中，用餐时提供牛奶与奶制品摄入量呈正相关（t趋势=3.65，P<0.01）。男孩的家长摄入量与奶制品摄入量呈正相关（t趋势=2.04，P=0.04），女孩的家长摄入量与奶制品（t趋势=2.43，P=0.01）、蔬菜（t趋势=3.72，P<0.01）和水果（t趋势=3.17，P<0.01）摄入量呈正相关。
结论/应用：旨在帮助青少年增加水果、蔬菜和奶制品摄入量的干预措施，若纳入旨在增加家庭食物供应以及家长健康食物选择摄入量的家长部分，可能会得到加强。
