Willems Tine Marieke, Witvrouw Erik, Delbaere Kim, Mahieu Nele, De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse, De Clercq Dirk
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Ghent University, University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 6K3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Am J Sports Med. 2005 Mar;33(3):415-23. doi: 10.1177/0363546504268137.
Many variables have been retrospectively associated with ankle sprains. However, very little is known about factors predisposing people to these injuries.
Measurable intrinsic factors might predispose male athletes to ankle sprains.
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.
A total of 241 male physical education students were evaluated for possible intrinsic risk factors for inversion sprains at the beginning of their academic study. The evaluated intrinsic risk factors included anthropometrical characteristics, functional motor performances, ankle joint position sense, isokinetic ankle muscle strength, lower leg alignment characteristics, postural control, and muscle reaction time during a sudden inversion perturbation. Subjects were followed prospectively for 1 to 3 years.
A total of 44 (18%) of the 241 male subjects sustained an inversion sprain; 4 sprained both ankles. Cox regression analysis revealed that male subjects with slower running speed, less cardiorespiratory endurance, less balance, decreased dorsiflexion muscle strength, decreased dorsiflexion range of motion, less coordination, and faster reaction of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles are at greater risk of ankle sprains.
Based on our findings, it is suggested that running speed, cardiorespiratory endurance, balance, dorsiflexion strength, coordination, muscle reaction, and dorsiflexion range of motion at the ankle are associated with the risk of ankle inversion sprains in male subjects.
许多变量已被回顾性地与踝关节扭伤相关联。然而，对于使人们易患这些损伤的因素知之甚少。
可测量的内在因素可能使男性运动员易患踝关节扭伤。
队列研究；证据等级，2级。
在241名男性体育专业学生学术学习开始时，对其进行评估以确定可能存在的内翻扭伤内在风险因素。评估的内在风险因素包括人体测量学特征、功能性运动表现、踝关节位置觉、等速踝关节肌肉力量、小腿对线特征、姿势控制以及突然内翻扰动期间的肌肉反应时间。对受试者进行了1至3年的前瞻性随访。
241名男性受试者中共有44名（18%）发生了内翻扭伤；4人双侧踝关节扭伤。Cox回归分析显示，跑步速度较慢、心肺耐力较差、平衡能力较差、背屈肌力量下降、背屈活动范围减小、协调性较差以及胫前肌和腓肠肌反应较快的男性受试者发生踝关节扭伤的风险更高。
基于我们的研究结果，建议跑步速度、心肺耐力、平衡能力、背屈力量、协调性、肌肉反应以及踝关节背屈活动范围与男性受试者踝关节内翻扭伤的风险相关。
