Harpaz-Rotem Ilan, Hirst William
The New School for Social Research, New York, USA.
Memory. 2005 Jan;13(1):51-62. doi: 10.1080/09658210344000567.
In two studies we compared the age of traditional kibbutz members' first memories with the first memories of people raised in Israeli cities (Study 1) and of people who were raised in reformed kibbutzim (Study 2). Building on the socio-cultural model of autobiographical memory, we predicted and found that children raised in the traditional kibbutz, not by their parents, but by a metapelet, had a significantly later onset of autobiographical memory than children raised in reformed kibbutzim or outside the kibbutz, who were under the primary care of their parents. We also examined gender differences in reporting the earliest memory. No gender differences were observed within each setting in the age of the earliest memory, but consistent with past research, memories reported by females were more elaborate than those reported by males.
在两项研究中，我们将传统基布兹成员最早记忆的年龄与在以色列城市长大的人（研究1）以及在改革后的基布兹长大的人（研究2）的最早记忆进行了比较。基于自传体记忆的社会文化模型，我们预测并发现，在传统基布兹由保育员而非父母抚养长大的孩子，其自传体记忆的起始时间显著晚于在改革后的基布兹或基布兹以外由父母主要照料的孩子。我们还研究了报告最早记忆时的性别差异。在每个环境中，最早记忆的年龄均未观察到性别差异，但与过去的研究一致，女性报告的记忆比男性报告的记忆更详尽。
