Chang Shine, Hursting Stephen D, Perkins Susan N, Dores Graça M, Weed Douglas L
Office of Preventive Oncology, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, NIH/DHHS, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite T-41 MSC 7361, Bethesda, MD 20892-7361, USA.
Acad Med. 2005 Mar;80(3):261-5. doi: 10.1097/00001888-200503000-00011.
Preparing junior scientists for careers in the health sciences has become an immense challenge for many reasons, including the emerging demand for multidisciplinary approaches to solving problems in the health sciences. For those choosing careers in hybrid and interdisciplinary fields, the "traditional" postdoctoral training model may not perform well, particularly in light of other problems that plague postdoctoral success. New approaches are required. Using the interdisciplinary field of cancer prevention as an example, the authors describe the Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program (CPFP) of the National Cancer Institute, a three-year postdoctoral program of which the goal is to provide its fellows with a strong foundation in cancer prevention through education, mentored research, and structured professional development training activities that emphasize multidisciplinary approaches and leadership skills. Over time, the CPFP has incorporated the best aspects of the traditional postdoctoral training model with newer training approaches in an effort to overcome existing problems in postdoctoral training and to address the additional complexities inherent in training those who seek careers in interdisciplinary science. Many aspects of the CPFP, including an efficient infrastructure, a dedicated staff, a capacity to provide educational activities, and the provision of rich research opportunities, may translate well to other postdoctoral programs that face similar issues.
由于诸多原因，为初级科学家做好进入健康科学领域工作的准备已成为一项艰巨挑战，其中包括对采用多学科方法解决健康科学问题的新需求。对于那些选择从事交叉和跨学科领域工作的人来说，“传统”的博士后培训模式可能效果不佳，尤其是考虑到困扰博士后成功的其他问题。需要新的方法。作者以癌症预防这一跨学科领域为例，介绍了美国国立癌症研究所的癌症预防奖学金计划（CPFP），这是一个为期三年的博士后项目，其目标是通过教育、指导研究以及强调多学科方法和领导技能的结构化专业发展培训活动，为其学员提供癌症预防方面的坚实基础。随着时间的推移，CPFP将传统博士后培训模式的最佳方面与更新的培训方法相结合，以努力克服博士后培训中存在的问题，并应对培训那些寻求跨学科科学职业的人所固有的额外复杂性。CPFP的许多方面，包括高效的基础设施、敬业的工作人员、提供教育活动的能力以及丰富的研究机会，可能很好地适用于面临类似问题的其他博士后项目。
