Weitzman Elissa R, Chen Ying-Yeh
Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, PO Box 15678, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005 Apr;59(4):303-9. doi: 10.1136/jech.2004.024711.
To examine associations between social capital and individual risk for alcohol abuse and harms and identify protective effect mechanisms.
Multilevel multivariate analysis with individual level data from a national panel survey of drinking and a contextual measure of social capital reflecting college mean aggregate reports of student volunteerism. Outcomes include heavy episodic (binge) drinking, frequent drinking, frequent drunkenness, diagnosable alcohol abuse, intentional drunkenness, acquisition of binge drinking, harms, secondhand effects from others' drinking.
United States, 119 four year colleges.
Representative samples of youth ages 18-24 surveyed in 1997 and 1999 using an anonymous mailed questionnaire (total n = 27 687).
Students from colleges with higher levels of social capital reported reduced risks for binge drinking (adjusted OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.69, p = 0.002), frequent drunkenness (adjusted OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.98, p = 0.04), acquisition of binge drinking in college (adjusted OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.95, p = 0.03), and alcohol abuse (adjusted OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.91, p = 0.02) in multilevel multivariate analyses that controlled for individual volunteering, the measure on which social capital was based. Higher levels of social capital protected against multiple drinking related harms (adjusted OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.90, p = 0.02) and secondhand drinking effects (adjusted OR, 0.30, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.58, p = 0.0003). Significant cross level interactions exist between fraternity/sorority membership and social capital for measures of risky drinking. Harm reduction primarily reflects consumption modification.
Social capital exerts strong protective effects on alcohol abuse and harm in college including among high risk students.
探讨社会资本与酒精滥用及危害的个体风险之间的关联，并确定保护作用机制。
采用多水平多变量分析，个体层面数据来自一项全国性饮酒情况问卷调查，社会资本的情境测量指标反映了大学生志愿服务的平均总体报告。研究结果包括重度饮酒（暴饮）、频繁饮酒、经常醉酒、可诊断的酒精滥用、故意醉酒、在大学期间养成暴饮习惯、危害、他人饮酒的二手影响。
美国，119所四年制大学。
1997年和1999年使用匿名邮寄问卷对18 - 24岁青年进行的代表性抽样调查（总样本量n = 27687）。
在控制了个体志愿服务（社会资本所基于的测量指标）的多水平多变量分析中，来自社会资本水平较高院校的学生报告称，暴饮风险降低（调整后的比值比为0.38，95%置信区间为0.20至0.69，p = 0.002）、经常醉酒风险降低（调整后的比值比为0.58，95%置信区间为0.34至0.98，p = 0.04）、在大学期间养成暴饮习惯的风险降低（调整后的比值比为0.48，95%置信区间为0.24至0.95，p = 0.03）以及酒精滥用风险降低（调整后的比值比为0.55，95%置信区间为0.34至0.91，p = 0.02）。较高水平的社会资本可预防多种与饮酒相关的危害（调整后的比值比为0.51，95%置信区间为0.29至0.90，p = 0.02）以及二手饮酒影响（调整后的比值比为0.30，95%置信区间为0.16至0.58，p = 0.0003）。在兄弟会/姐妹会成员身份与社会资本之间，对于危险饮酒指标存在显著的跨水平交互作用。危害减少主要反映在饮酒行为的改变上。
社会资本对大学生的酒精滥用及危害具有强大的保护作用，包括对高风险学生。
