Antonio-Nkondjio Christophe, Simard Frédéric, Awono-Ambene Parfait, Ngassam Pierre, Toto Jean-Claude, Tchuinkam Timoléon, Fontenille Didier
Laboratoire IRD de Recherche sur le Paludisme, Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale, P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2005 May;99(5):347-54. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.07.003.
Entomological surveys were carried out in the town of Mbalmayo and in the nearby rural village of Olama, within the equatorial forest zone of Cameroon. Mosquitoes were captured when landing on human volunteers and by pyrethrum spray catches. Malaria vectors captured were Anopheles gambiae Giles (M and S forms) and A. moucheti Evans in both areas, together with A. funestus Giles in Mbalmayo. One A. marshallii (Theobald) specimen infected by Plasmodium falciparum was found in Olama. Anopheles moucheti was the most abundant anopheline species caught in Olama, while A. gambiae was the most abundant in Mbalmayo. All these vectors were highly anthropophilic as indicated by the fact that only 5 of 201 blood meals analysed had been taken from non-human hosts. Plasmodium falciparum was the only malaria parasite species found in Mbalmayo, while P. malariae was also found in Olama. The annual entomological inoculation rate was estimated at 129 infective bites/person/year in Mbalmayo and 322 in Olama. Comparison with data published in 1955 from Mbalmayo, before expansion of the town, showed the impact of urbanization on the composition of the vector system and malaria transmission dynamics. Such changes should be considered when implementing sustainable control measures.
在喀麦隆赤道森林地区的姆巴尔马约镇及附近的奥拉马乡村开展了昆虫学调查。蚊子通过落在人类志愿者身上以及使用除虫菊酯喷雾捕捉法进行捕获。在两个地区捕获的疟疾传播媒介均有冈比亚按蚊吉尔斯氏亚种（M型和S型）和穆氏按蚊埃文斯亚种，在姆巴尔马约还捕获到了费氏按蚊。在奥拉马发现了一只感染恶性疟原虫的马歇尔按蚊（西奥博尔德氏亚种）标本。穆氏按蚊是在奥拉马捕获的数量最多的按蚊种类，而冈比亚按蚊在姆巴尔马约数量最多。所有这些传播媒介都具有高度嗜人性，这一点从分析的201份血餐中只有5份来自非人类宿主可以看出。恶性疟原虫是在姆巴尔马约发现的唯一疟原虫种类，而在奥拉马还发现了三日疟原虫。姆巴尔马约的年度昆虫学接种率估计为每人每年129次感染性叮咬，奥拉马为322次。与1955年姆巴尔马约在城镇扩张之前公布的数据相比，显示了城市化对传播媒介系统组成和疟疾传播动态的影响。在实施可持续控制措施时应考虑到这些变化。
