Jallade C, Sarfati Y, Hardy-Baylé M-C
Department of Psychiatry, Versailles Hospital Center, France.
J Affect Disord. 2005 Apr;85(3):283-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2004.11.002.
The cathartic effect has been related to the short-term decrease of depressive symptomatology following the suicide attempt. This study aimed to clarify the extent of this clinical improvement to non self-induced traumas and other suicidal dimensions.
Twenty-six recent suicide attempters were compared with 21 control subjects admitted to the surgical ward after an accident-induced trauma. They completed several assessments the day after the admission and one week after discharge: Hamilton and Carroll Depression scales, Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Hopelessness scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, MMPI (abbreviated version), Global Assessment Scale.
Depression, anxiety-state, two sub-scales of the MMPI (Hysteria, Depression) and general functioning improved significantly in the suicide attempters group. Measures of impulsivity and hopelessness remained stable during the follow-up.
These results cannot not be generalized to all suicide attempters and we did not take account of the lethality and severity of the suicidal method used.
Our study supports the specific role of deliberate self-aggression in the cathartic effect and the trait value of both impulsivity and hopelessness.
宣泄效应与自杀未遂后抑郁症状的短期减轻有关。本研究旨在明确这种临床改善在非自我诱发创伤及其他自杀相关方面的程度。
将26名近期自杀未遂者与21名因意外创伤而入住外科病房的对照受试者进行比较。他们在入院后次日及出院一周后完成了多项评估：汉密尔顿抑郁量表和卡罗尔抑郁量表、巴拉特冲动性量表、绝望量表、状态-特质焦虑量表、明尼苏达多相人格调查表（简版）、总体评估量表。
自杀未遂者组的抑郁、焦虑状态、明尼苏达多相人格调查表的两个分量表（癔症、抑郁）及总体功能均有显著改善。冲动性和绝望感的测量指标在随访期间保持稳定。
这些结果不能推广至所有自杀未遂者，且我们未考虑所采用自杀方式的致死性和严重性。
我们的研究支持了蓄意自我伤害在宣泄效应中的特定作用以及冲动性和绝望感的特质价值。
