Yu Hui-fang, Zhao Xu-dong, Zhang Xiao-ming, Zhu Zhi-qin, Zhao Zhu
Institute of Environmental Health, Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2005 Jan;39(1):22-5.
To investigate the basic contents of organochlorine pesticides (DDT, BHC and HCB) in human milk of normal residents in Beijing urban areas.
Through continuous survey on the trend of organochlorine contents in human milk since DDT and BHC pesticides were forbidden in use in 1983, and to evaluate the effects of this program, the required lying-in women residents in urban districts for at least 5 years were enrolled in this study. All these lying-in women and also their family members were not exposed to or engaged in producing or selling organochlorine pesticides. In this study, the women chosen were giving birth to a child just after one week to 4 months. The detection method used is the national standard biological detection method.
In 1982, the total amount of DDT and BHC contents in human milk were 6.45 mg/kg and 6.97 mg/kg, respectively, which were found the highest level in the word. The contents of organochlorine were descending apparently since the DDT and BHC pesticides were forbidden by Chinese government in 1983. According to the standards of FAO/WHO, the average intake of total DDT and beta-BHC in the infants born in 1998 was 11 and 6 microg/kg, respectively. Both of them were less than the allowable daily intake amount regulated by WHO and the Ministry of Health of Japan.
The study might make clear that the basic levels of organochlorine pesticides (DDT, BHC and HCB) in human milk of normal residents and the attenuation trend of 2 pesticides cumulative levels in human body, through estimating the intake quantity of organochlorine by infants, showing that the DDT and BHC daily intake from human milk absorbed by infants, who were born after 1998, were at a safe level. It was indicated that the measure for forbidding use of DDT and BHC pesticides is contributory.
调查北京市区正常居民母乳中有机氯农药（滴滴涕、六六六和六氯苯）的基本含量。
自1983年禁止使用滴滴涕和六六六农药以来，通过对母乳中有机氯含量变化趋势进行连续调查，并评估该举措的效果，选取在城区居住至少5年的产妇作为研究对象。所有这些产妇及其家庭成员均未接触或从事有机氯农药的生产或销售。本研究选取产后1周～4个月的产妇。检测方法采用国家标准生物检测方法。
1982年，母乳中滴滴涕和六六六的总含量分别为6.45毫克/千克和6.97毫克/千克，为世界最高水平。自1983年中国政府禁止使用滴滴涕和六六六农药后，有机氯含量明显下降。根据粮农组织/世界卫生组织的标准，1998年出生婴儿的滴滴涕和β-六六六平均摄入量分别为11微克/千克和6微克/千克。两者均低于世界卫生组织和日本厚生省规定的每日允许摄入量。
本研究通过估算婴儿有机氯摄入量，明确了正常居民母乳中有机氯农药（滴滴涕、六六六和六氯苯）的基本水平以及两种农药在人体内累积水平的衰减趋势，表明1998年后出生婴儿从母乳中摄入的滴滴涕和六六六每日摄入量处于安全水平。说明禁止使用滴滴涕和六六六农药的措施是有成效的。
