Hogan Michael
Department of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2005;60(2):95-126. doi: 10.2190/PTG9-XDVM-YETA-MKXA.
Age-related reduction in musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and central nervous system resilience can result in wide-ranging limitations in adaptive capacity associated with negative outcomes such as cognitive decline, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, mobility problems, and increased incidence of debilitating falls. This article reviews the benefits of both cognitive and physical activity within the broad context of multiple system resilience in adult aging. Research on a unique form of combined physical/cognitive exercise, Tai Chi Chuan, is presented. The relationship between physiological and psychological gain associated with an activity intervention program is discussed in light of principles of rehabilitation, intervention compliance, subjective and objective gain, and the hypothesized value of combining physical exercise, cognitive exercise, and relaxation into a single program designed to promote resilience in older adults.
与年龄相关的肌肉骨骼、心血管和中枢神经系统恢复力下降，可能导致适应能力出现广泛受限，进而产生诸如认知衰退、心血管疾病风险增加、行动不便以及衰弱性跌倒发生率上升等负面后果。本文在成人衰老过程中多系统恢复力这一广泛背景下，综述了认知活动和身体活动的益处。文中还介绍了一种独特的身体/认知联合锻炼形式——太极拳的研究。结合康复原则、干预依从性、主观和客观收获，以及将体育锻炼、认知锻炼和放松融入旨在提高老年人恢复力的单一项目的假设价值，讨论了与活动干预项目相关的生理和心理收获之间的关系。
