Gemmill Erin, Cotugna Nancy
Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
J Sch Nurs. 2005 Apr;21(2):94-9. doi: 10.1177/10598405050210020601.
Overweight has reached alarming proportions among America's youth. Although the cause of the rise in overweight rates in children and adolescents is certainly the result of the interaction of a variety of factors, the presence of vending machines in schools is one issue that has recently come to the forefront. Many states have passed or proposed legislation that limits student access to vending machines in schools or require that vending machines in schools offer healthier choices. The purposes of this study were (a) to assess the food and beverage vending machine offerings in the public school districts in the state of Delaware and (b) to determine whether there are any district vending policies in place other than the current U.S. Department of Agriculture regulations. The results of this study indicate the most commonly sold food and drink items in school vending machines are of minimal nutritional value. School administrators are most frequently in charge of the vending contract, as well as setting and enforcing vending machine policies. Suggestions are offered to assist school nurses, often the only health professional in the school, in becoming advocates for changes in school vending practices and policies that promote the health and well-being of children and adolescents.
超重问题在美国青少年中已达到惊人的比例。尽管儿童和青少年超重率上升的原因肯定是多种因素相互作用的结果，但学校里自动售货机的存在是最近备受关注的一个问题。许多州已经通过或提议立法，限制学生使用学校里的自动售货机，或者要求学校里的自动售货机提供更健康的选择。本研究的目的是：（a）评估特拉华州公立学区的食品和饮料自动售货机所售商品；（b）确定除了美国农业部目前的规定外，是否还有其他学区自动售货政策。这项研究的结果表明，学校自动售货机里最常售卖的食品和饮料营养价值极低。学校管理人员通常负责自动售货机合同，以及制定和执行自动售货机政策。文中给出了一些建议，以帮助学校护士（通常是学校里唯一的健康专业人员）成为倡导改变学校自动售货行为和政策的倡导者，这些改变将促进儿童和青少年的健康与福祉。
