Francis J Lynn, Gleeson Maree, Pyne David B, Callister Robin, Clancy Robert L
School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, AUSTRALIA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 Apr;37(4):571-8. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000158191.08331.04.
This study examined the nature of the variability in salivary immunoglobulin and albumin concentrations within an individual, between individuals, and between populations with differing levels of habitual physical activity.
Fourteen elite swimmers, and 21 active and 18 sedentary individuals provided 12 saliva samples over a 30-d period. Group classifications were based on interviews, anthropometric measurements, and physical activity records. Symptoms of illness and physical activity data were recorded daily. Salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM were measured by ELISA, and albumin concentrations were measured by nephelometry. Variability was assessed using ANOVA procedures.
Elite swimmers, compared with active and sedentary individuals, had higher concentrations of salivary IgA (geometric mean=65 vs 32 and 40 mg.L, P=0.002) and greater variability in salivary IgA concentrations as individuals (P=0.007) and as a group (P=0.03). Salivary IgG variability in swimmers was also twofold greater than the other two groups (P=0.008). Salivary IgM and albumin variability were not significantly different between groups, but individual variability differed for swimmers and active individuals. The intraclass correlations for salivary IgA and IgG (but not for IgM or albumin) were 50% lower for swimmers than the other two groups (ICC for IgA: 20% swimmers vs 54% active and 46% sedentary individuals; ICC for IgG: 36 vs 59 and 57%).
The variability and fluctuation of salivary immunoglobulin concentrations were consistently greater in the elite swimmers, but multiple samples from individual swimmers were less correlated compared with participants with lower physical activity levels. These findings have implications for monitoring mucosal immune status within individuals and when comparing salivary immunoglobulin concentrations between groups with differing levels of physical fitness and activity.
本研究探讨了个体内、个体间以及不同习惯性身体活动水平人群之间唾液免疫球蛋白和白蛋白浓度变异性的本质。
14名精英游泳运动员、21名活跃个体和18名久坐个体在30天内提供了12份唾液样本。分组依据访谈、人体测量和身体活动记录。每日记录疾病症状和身体活动数据。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测量唾液中的免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）和免疫球蛋白M（IgM），采用散射比浊法测量白蛋白浓度。使用方差分析程序评估变异性。
与活跃个体和久坐个体相比，精英游泳运动员的唾液IgA浓度更高（几何平均数分别为65、32和40mg/L，P = 0.002），且个体间（P = 0.007）和群体间（P = 0.03）唾液IgA浓度的变异性更大。游泳运动员唾液IgG的变异性也比其他两组大两倍（P = 0.008）。唾液IgM和白蛋白的变异性在组间无显著差异，但游泳运动员和活跃个体的个体变异性有所不同。游泳运动员唾液IgA和IgG的组内相关系数（但IgM和白蛋白的组内相关系数未出现此情况）比其他两组低50%（IgA的组内相关系数：游泳运动员为20%，活跃个体为54%，久坐个体为46%；IgG的组内相关系数：分别为36%、59%和57%）。
精英游泳运动员唾液免疫球蛋白浓度的变异性和波动始终更大，但与身体活动水平较低的参与者相比，个体游泳运动员的多个样本之间的相关性较低。这些发现对于监测个体的黏膜免疫状态以及比较不同体能和活动水平组之间的唾液免疫球蛋白浓度具有重要意义。
