Breysse Patrick N, Buckley Timothy J, Williams D'Ann, Beck Christopher M, Jo Seong-Joon, Merriman Barry, Kanchanaraksa Sukon, Swartz Lee J, Callahan Karen A, Butz Arlene M, Rand Cynthia S, Diette Gregory B, Krishnan Jerry A, Moseley Adrian M, Curtin-Brosnan Jean, Durkin Nowella B, Eggleston Peyton A
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street Room W6010A, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Environ Res. 2005 Jun;98(2):167-76. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2004.07.018.
This paper presents indoor air pollutant concentrations and allergen levels collected from the homes of 100 Baltimore city asthmatic children participating in an asthma intervention trial. Particulate matter (PM), NO2, and O3 samples were collected over 72 h in the child's sleeping room. Time-resolved PM was also assessed using a portable direct-reading nephelometer. Dust allergen samples were collected from the child's bedroom, the family room, and the kitchen. The mean PM10 concentration, 56.5+/-40.7 microg/m3, is 25% higher than the PM2.5 concentration (N=90), 45.1+/-37.5 microg/m3. PM concentrations measured using a nephelometer are consistent and highly correlated with gravimetric estimates. Smoking households' average PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations are 33-54 microg/m3 greater than those of nonsmoking houses, with each cigarette smoked adding 1.0 microm/m3 to indoor PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations. Large percentages of NO2 and O3 samples, 25% and 75%, respectively, were below the limit of detection. The mean NO2 indoor concentration is 31.6+/-40.2 ppb, while the mean indoor O3 concentration in the ozone season was 3.3+/-7.7 ppb. The levels of allergens are similar to those found in other inner cities. Results presented in this paper indicate that asthmatic children in Baltimore are exposed to elevated allergens and indoor air pollutants. Understanding this combined insult may help to explain the differential asthma burden between inner-city and non-inner-city children.
本文介绍了从100名参与哮喘干预试验的巴尔的摩市哮喘儿童家中收集的室内空气污染物浓度和过敏原水平。在儿童卧室中，在72小时内收集了颗粒物（PM）、二氧化氮（NO2）和臭氧（O3）样本。还使用便携式直读浊度仪评估了时间分辨的PM。从儿童卧室、家庭活动室和厨房收集了灰尘过敏原样本。PM10的平均浓度为56.5±40.7微克/立方米，比PM2.5的浓度（N = 90）高25%，PM2.5的平均浓度为45.1±37.5微克/立方米。使用浊度仪测量的PM浓度与重量法估算值一致且高度相关。有吸烟家庭的PM2.5和PM10平均浓度比无烟家庭高33 - 54微克/立方米，每吸一支烟会使室内PM2.5和PM10浓度增加1.0微克/立方米。分别有25%和75%的NO2和O3样本低于检测限。室内NO2的平均浓度为31.6±40.2 ppb，而在臭氧季节室内O3的平均浓度为3.3±7.7 ppb。过敏原水平与其他市中心地区的水平相似。本文给出的结果表明，巴尔的摩的哮喘儿童接触到较高水平的过敏原和室内空气污染物。了解这种综合危害可能有助于解释市中心和非市中心儿童之间哮喘负担的差异。
