Hartge Patricia, Colt Joanne S, Severson Richard K, Cerhan James R, Cozen Wendy, Camann David, Zahm Shelia Hoar, Davis Scott
Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Apr;14(4):934-7. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0730.
Environmental exposure to herbicides has been hypothesized to contribute to the long-term increase in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
To estimate the effects of residential herbicide exposure on NHL risk.
Population-based case-control study.
Iowa and metropolitan Detroit, Los Angeles, and Seattle, 1998 to 2000.
NHL patients ages 20 to 74 years and unaffected residents identified by random digit dialing and Medicare eligibility files.
Computer-assisted personal interviews (1,321 cases, 1,057 controls) elicited data on herbicide use at each home occupied since 1970. Levels of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid and dicamba were measured in dust taken from used vacuum cleaner bags in the current home (679 cases, 510 controls who had owned at least half of their carpets for > or = 5 years).
Herbicide use on the lawn or garden was similar among cases and controls (adjusted relative risk, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.84-1.23). Estimated risk did not increase with greater duration, frequency, or total number of applications of herbicides to the lawn, the garden, or to both combined. Risk was not elevated for respondents who applied the herbicides themselves and not for those exposed during the 1970s, 1980s, or 1990s. We detected 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid equally often in homes of cases and controls (78%). We found dicamba in homes of 15% of cases and 20% of controls. We also found no elevation in risk among the respondents who had the highest dust levels and highest self-reported exposures. We found no consistent patterns for specific histologies.
We found no detectable excess associated with residential exposures. Residential herbicide exposures are unlikely to explain the long-term increase in NHL.
有假设认为，环境中接触除草剂会导致非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）长期发病率上升。
评估居住环境中接触除草剂对患NHL风险的影响。
基于人群的病例对照研究。
爱荷华州以及底特律、洛杉矶和西雅图的市区，时间为1998年至2000年。
年龄在20至74岁的NHL患者以及通过随机数字拨号和医疗保险资格档案确定的未患病居民。
通过计算机辅助个人访谈（1321例病例，1057名对照）收集自1970年以来居住过的每个住所使用除草剂的数据。在当前住所使用过的吸尘器袋中收集的灰尘中测量2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸和麦草畏的含量（679例病例，510名对照，其至少一半地毯使用时间≥5年）。
病例组和对照组在草坪或花园使用除草剂的情况相似（调整后的相对风险为1.02；95%置信区间为0.84 - 1.23）。除草剂施用于草坪、花园或两者的持续时间、频率或总次数增加时，估计风险并未升高。自己施用除草剂的受访者以及在20世纪70年代、80年代或90年代接触除草剂的受访者风险并未升高。在病例组和对照组的家中均同样频繁地检测到2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸（78%）。在15%的病例家中和20%的对照家中发现了麦草畏。在灰尘水平最高且自我报告接触量最高的受访者中，我们也未发现风险升高。对于特定组织学类型，未发现一致的模式。
我们未发现与居住环境接触相关的可检测到的超额风险。居住环境中接触除草剂不太可能解释NHL的长期发病率上升。
