McKenzie Tammy, Cherman Taryn, Bird Leanne R, Naqshbandi Mariam, Roberts William A
University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Learn Behav. 2004 Nov;32(4):377-90. doi: 10.3758/bf03196035.
In seven experiments, 2 squirrel monkeys were given choices between arrays of food that varied in the quantity offered. In Experiments 1-5, the monkeys were offered choices between quantities of the same food that varied in a 2:1 ratio. The squirrel monkeys failed to show the temporal myopia effect or a decrease in preference for the larger quantity as the absolute number of food items offered increased. Even when given choices of 8 versus 16 peanuts and 10 versus 20 peanuts, both monkeys significantly preferred the larger quantity. An examination of the monkeys' rates of consumption indicated that 20 peanuts were consumed over a 1- to 2-h period, with eating bouts separated by periods of nonconsumption. In Experiments 6A, 6B, and 7, food was either pilfered or replenished 15 min after an initial choice, so that choice of the smaller quantity led to more total food in the long run. These manipulations caused both monkeys to reduce choice of the larger quantity, relative to baseline choice. The results suggest that squirrel monkeys anticipated the future consequences of their choices.
在七项实验中，给两只松鼠猴提供了不同数量食物阵列的选择。在实验1 - 5中，猴子们在数量比例为2:1的同一种食物之间进行选择。随着提供的食物绝对数量增加，松鼠猴没有表现出时间近视效应，也没有对较大数量食物的偏好降低。即使给猴子提供8颗与16颗花生以及10颗与20颗花生的选择，两只猴子都显著偏好较大数量。对猴子的消耗速率检查表明，20颗花生在1至2小时内被吃完，进食时段之间有不进食的间隔。在实验6A、6B和7中，在最初选择15分钟后，食物要么被偷走，要么被补充，这样从长远来看，选择较小数量的食物会导致总食物量更多。这些操作使两只猴子相对于基线选择减少了对较大数量食物的选择。结果表明松鼠猴会预期它们选择的未来后果。
