Blancou Jean, Chomel Bruno B, Belotto Albino, Meslin François Xavier
Honorary Director General of the Office International des Epizooties, 11 rue Descombes, 75017 Paris, France.
Vet Res. 2005 May-Jun;36(3):507-22. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2005008.
Surveillance and control of emerging bacterial zoonoses is essential in order to prevent both human and animal deaths and to avoid potential economic disorders created by trade barriers or a ban on free circulation of human or animal populations. An increased risk of exposition to zoonotic agents, the breakdown of the host's defenses, the emergence of bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics and their widespread distribution as well as conjunctural causes associated with the action or inaction of man have been identified as the main factors leading to the emergence or re-emergence of bacterial zoonoses. After an in-depth review of these various factors, the present manuscript reviews the main components of detection and surveillance of emerging or re-emerging bacterial zoonoses. A description of the systems of control and the main obstacles to their success is also presented. Detection and surveillance of emerging zoonoses have greatly benefited from technical progress in diagnostics. The success of detection and control of emerging bacterial zoonoses is largely based on international solidarity and cooperation between countries.
监测和控制新出现的细菌性人畜共患病至关重要，以防止人类和动物死亡，并避免贸易壁垒或禁止人类或动物群体自由流动所造成的潜在经济混乱。接触人畜共患病原体的风险增加、宿主防御功能的崩溃、对抗生素耐药的细菌菌株的出现及其广泛传播，以及与人类行动或不行动相关的偶发因素，已被确定为导致细菌性人畜共患病出现或再次出现的主要因素。在深入审查这些各种因素之后，本手稿回顾了新出现或再次出现的细菌性人畜共患病检测和监测的主要组成部分。还介绍了控制体系及其成功的主要障碍。新出现的人畜共患病的检测和监测极大地受益于诊断技术的进步。新出现的细菌性人畜共患病的检测和控制的成功很大程度上基于各国之间的国际团结与合作。
