Ragland David R, Satariano William A, MacLeod Kara E
University of California Traffic Safety Center, University of California at Berkeley, 140 Warren Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2005 Mar;60(3):399-403. doi: 10.1093/gerona/60.3.399.
To understand the consequences of driving cessation in older adults, the authors evaluated depression in former drivers compared with active drivers.
Depression (as assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale), driving status, sociodemographic factors, health status, and cognitive function were evaluated for a cohort of 1953 residents of Sonoma County, California, aged 55 years and older, as part of a community-based study of aging and physical performance. The authors re-interviewed 1772 participants who were active drivers at baseline 3 years later.
At baseline, former drivers reported higher levels of depression than did active drivers even after the authors controlled for age, sex, education, health, and marital status. In a longitudinal analysis, drivers who stopped driving during the 3-year interval (i.e., former drivers) reported higher levels of depressive symptoms than did those who remained active drivers, after the authors controlled for changes in health status and cognitive function. Increased depression for former drivers was substantially higher in men than in women.
With increasing age, many older adults reduce and then stop driving. Increased depression may be among the consequences associated with driving reduction or cessation.
为了解老年人停止驾车的后果，作者对曾经驾车者与仍在驾车者的抑郁情况进行了评估。
作为一项基于社区的衰老与身体机能研究的一部分，对加利福尼亚州索诺马县1953名年龄在55岁及以上的居民进行了抑郁（使用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表评估）、驾车状态、社会人口学因素、健康状况和认知功能的评估。作者在3年后对1772名在基线时为仍在驾车者的参与者进行了再次访谈。
在基线时，即使在作者控制了年龄、性别、教育程度、健康状况和婚姻状况之后，曾经驾车者报告的抑郁水平仍高于仍在驾车者。在纵向分析中，在作者控制了健康状况和认知功能的变化后，在3年期间停止驾车的驾驶者（即曾经驾车者）报告的抑郁症状水平高于仍在驾车者。曾经驾车者抑郁症状增加在男性中比在女性中更为明显。
随着年龄的增长，许多老年人减少并最终停止驾车。抑郁症状增加可能是与减少或停止驾车相关的后果之一。
