Lee Chris, Abdel-Aty Mohamed
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 2005 Jul;37(4):775-86. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2005.03.019.
This study analyzes vehicle-pedestrian crashes at intersections in Florida over 4 years, 1999-2002. The study identifies the group of drivers and pedestrians, and traffic and environmental characteristics that are correlated with high pedestrian crashes using log-linear models. The study also estimates the likelihood of pedestrian injury severity when pedestrians are involved in crashes using an ordered probit model. To better reflect pedestrian crash risk, a logical measure of exposure is developed using the information on individual walking trips in the household travel survey. Lastly, the impact of average traffic volume on pedestrian crashes is examined. As a result of the analysis, it was found that pedestrian and driver demographic factors, and road geometric, traffic and environment conditions are closely related to the frequency and injury severity of pedestrian crashes. Higher average traffic volume at intersections increases the number of pedestrian crashes; however, the rate of increase is steeper at lower values of average traffic volume. Based on the findings in the analysis, some countermeasures are recommended to improve pedestrian safety.
本研究分析了1999年至2002年这4年间佛罗里达州各十字路口的车辆与行人碰撞事故。该研究使用对数线性模型确定了与高行人碰撞事故相关的驾驶员和行人群体，以及交通和环境特征。该研究还使用有序概率模型估计了行人卷入碰撞事故时受伤严重程度的可能性。为了更好地反映行人碰撞风险，利用家庭出行调查中个体步行出行的信息开发了一种合理的暴露量度。最后，研究了平均交通流量对行人碰撞事故的影响。分析结果表明，行人和驾驶员的人口统计学因素，以及道路几何形状、交通和环境条件与行人碰撞事故的频率和受伤严重程度密切相关。十字路口较高的平均交通流量会增加行人碰撞事故的数量；然而，在平均交通流量较低时，增加速率更为陡峭。基于分析结果，建议采取一些对策来提高行人安全。
