Hoflich Burkard L W, Weinbruch Stephan, Theissmann Ralf, Gorzawski Hauke, Ebert Martin, Ortner Hugo M, Skogstad Asbjorn, Ellingsen Dag G, Drablos Per A, Thomassen Yngvar
Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr. 9, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
J Environ Monit. 2005 May;7(5):419-24. doi: 10.1039/b418275h. Epub 2005 Apr 18.
Aerosol particles with aerodynamic diameters between 0.18 and 10 microm were collected in the workroom air of two aluminium smelter potrooms with different production processes (Soderberg and Prebake processes). Size, morphology and chemical composition of more than 2000 individual particles were determined by high resolution scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. Based on chemical composition and morphology, particles were classified into different groups. Particle groups with a relative abundance above 1%(by number) include aluminium oxides, cryolite, aluminium oxides-cryolite mixtures, soot, silicates and sea salt. In both production halls, mixtures of aluminium oxides and cryolite are the dominant particle group. Many particles have fluoride-containing surface coatings or show agglomerations of nanometer-sized fluoride-containing particles on their surface. The phase composition of approximately 100 particles was studied by transmission electron microscopy. According to selected area electron diffraction, sodium beta-alumina (NaAl(11)O(17)) is the dominant aluminium oxide and cryolite (Na(3)AlF(6)) the only sodium aluminium fluoride present. Implications of our findings for assessment of adverse health effects are discussed.
在两个采用不同生产工艺（索德伯格法和预焙烧法）的铝冶炼车间的工作场所空气中，收集了空气动力学直径在0.18至10微米之间的气溶胶颗粒。通过高分辨率扫描电子显微镜和能量色散X射线微分析确定了2000多个单个颗粒的尺寸、形态和化学成分。根据化学成分和形态，将颗粒分为不同组。相对丰度高于1%（按数量计）的颗粒组包括氧化铝、冰晶石、氧化铝 - 冰晶石混合物、烟灰、硅酸盐和海盐。在两个生产车间中，氧化铝和冰晶石的混合物是主要的颗粒组。许多颗粒具有含氟表面涂层，或者在其表面显示出纳米级含氟颗粒的团聚。通过透射电子显微镜研究了大约100个颗粒的相组成。根据选区电子衍射，β - 氧化铝钠（NaAl(11)O(17)）是主要的氧化铝，冰晶石（Na(3)AlF(6)）是唯一存在的钠铝氟化物。讨论了我们的研究结果对评估健康不良影响的意义。
