Helbling A, Peter C, Berchtold E, Bogdanov S, Müller U
Medical Division, Zieglerspital, Bern, Switzerland.
Allergy. 1992 Feb;47(1):41-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1992.tb02248.x.
To identify the allergenic components of honey we studied 22 patients with a history of systemic allergic symptoms following honey ingestion. The group of honey-allergic patients was compared with three control groups: 10 subjects sensitized to artemisia, 10 with honey bee venom allergy and 10 without a history of atopy or bee sting reactions. The allergological tests included skin tests and RAST with three different kinds of Swiss honey (dandelion, forest and rape), pollen of compositae species, celery tuber, extract of bee pharyngeal glands, honey bee venom and bee whole body extract. The results show that 3/4 of honey-allergics are sensitive to dandelion honey and 13 of 22 also to compositae pollen. Nine of the honey allergic patients were sensitized to honey bee venom, 3 also to bee pharyngeal glands and to bee whole body extract. Analysis of diagnostic tests and RAST inhibition studies suggest that besides compositae pollen other allergens, most likely of bee origin are important. In honey allergics primary sensitization may be due either to the honey itself, to airborne compositae pollen or even to cross-reacting bee venom components.
为了确定蜂蜜的变应原成分，我们研究了22例在摄入蜂蜜后出现全身过敏症状病史的患者。将蜂蜜过敏患者组与三个对照组进行比较：10名对蒿属植物致敏的受试者、10名对蜂毒过敏的患者以及10名无特应性病史或蜂蜇反应病史的患者。变应原学检测包括皮肤试验和用三种不同的瑞士蜂蜜（蒲公英蜜、森林蜜和油菜蜜）、菊科植物花粉、芹菜块茎、蜂咽腺提取物、蜂毒和蜜蜂全虫提取物进行的放射变应原吸附试验（RAST）。结果显示，四分之三的蜂蜜过敏者对蒲公英蜜敏感，22例中有13例也对菊科花粉敏感。9例蜂蜜过敏患者对蜂毒致敏，3例也对蜂咽腺和蜜蜂全虫提取物致敏。诊断试验分析和RAST抑制研究表明，除菊科花粉外，其他变应原（很可能源自蜜蜂）也很重要。在蜂蜜过敏者中，初次致敏可能是由于蜂蜜本身、空气中的菊科花粉，甚至是交叉反应的蜂毒成分。
