Celikel S, Karakaya G, Yurtsever N, Sorkun K, Kalyoncu A F
Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, Adult Allergy Unit, Ankara, Turkey.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2006 Sep-Oct;34(5):180-4. doi: 10.1157/13094024.
The prevalence of allergic reactions due to bee stings in beekeepers varies in different regions of the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of sting reactions and the risk factors for developing systemic reactions in Turkish beekeepers.
A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 1250 beekeepers to be completed in seven different cities of Turkey. A total of 494 (39.6 %) questionnaires were returned.
There were 444 subjects (89.9 %) with a history of sting exposure in the previous 12 months. Systemic reactions were present in 29 subjects (6.5 %) and nine (2 %) reactions were anaphylactic. Fifty-five percent of beekeepers reported more than 100 bee stings in the previous year. When systemic reactions were controlled by age and duration of beekeeping in a logistic regression model, seasonal rhinitis (OR: 4.4, 95 % CI: 1.2-11.5), perennial rhinitis (OR: 4.6, 95 % CI: 1.2-18.2), food allergy (OR:7.0, 95 % CI: 2.0-25.0), physician-diagnosed asthma (OR: 8.0, 95 % CI: 2.5-25.6), having an atopic disease of any type (OR: 3.3, 95 % CI: 1.2-8.7) and having two or more atopic diseases (OR: 10.9, 95 % CI: 3.5-33.8) were significantly associated with systemic reactions due to bee sting in the previous 12 months.
The incidence of systemic reactions in Turkish beekeepers is low, which might be due to the protective effect of a high frequency of bee stings. The risk of systemic reactions increases approximately three-fold when one atopic disease is present and eleven-fold when two or more concurrent atopic diseases are present with respect to no atopic disease.
养蜂人因蜜蜂蜇伤引起的过敏反应在世界不同地区的发生率有所不同。本研究的目的是评估土耳其养蜂人蜇伤反应的特征以及发生全身反应的危险因素。
向土耳其七个不同城市的1250名养蜂人发放了一份自填式问卷。共收回494份（39.6%）问卷。
在过去12个月中有蜇伤暴露史的受试者有444名（89.9%）。全身反应出现在29名受试者中（6.5%），其中9例（2%）反应为过敏反应。55%的养蜂人报告上一年被蜜蜂蜇伤超过100次。在逻辑回归模型中，当通过年龄和养蜂时间对全身反应进行控制时，季节性鼻炎（比值比：4.4，95%置信区间：1.2 - 11.5）、常年性鼻炎（比值比：4.6，95%置信区间：1.2 - 18.2）、食物过敏（比值比：7.0，95%置信区间：2.0 - 25.0）、医生诊断的哮喘（比值比：8.0，95%置信区间：2.5 - 25.6）以及患有任何类型的特应性疾病（比值比：3.3，95%置信区间：1.2 - 8.7）和患有两种或更多种特应性疾病（比值比：10.9，95%置信区间：3.5 - 33.8）与过去12个月因蜜蜂蜇伤引起的全身反应显著相关。
土耳其养蜂人全身反应的发生率较低，这可能是由于频繁被蜜蜂蜇伤的保护作用。与无特应性疾病相比，存在一种特应性疾病时全身反应的风险增加约三倍，存在两种或更多种同时发生的特应性疾病时风险增加十一倍。
