Cavallo M G, Baroni M G, Toto A, Gearing A J, Forsey T, Andreani D, Thorpe R, Pozzilli P
Division of Immunobiology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, U.K.
Immunology. 1992 Apr;75(4):664-8.
Viral infection has been suggested to play a triggering role in the pancreatic beta cell destruction which occurs in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). However, the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon is unknown. In this study a human insulinoma cell line has been infected with measles, mumps and rubella viruses since a temporal association is reported between the clinical onset of IDDM and diseases caused by these viruses. The infection with measles and mumps viruses induced the release of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by the cell line as assessed by a bioassay and up-regulated the expression of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II antigens as evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis. Stimulation with rubella virus induced the release of IL-6 only and had no effect on HLA antigen expression. These data show for the first time that IL-1 and IL-6 secretion by an insulinoma cell line may occur after viral infection and suggest that cytokine release and increased expression of HLA molecules by beta cells may act to induce the immune response towards beta cells in IDDM.
病毒感染被认为在胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM）中发生的胰腺β细胞破坏过程中起触发作用。然而，这一现象的潜在机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，由于报道了IDDM临床发病与这些病毒所引起疾病之间的时间关联，一种人类胰岛素瘤细胞系被麻疹病毒、腮腺炎病毒和风疹病毒感染。通过生物测定评估，麻疹病毒和腮腺炎病毒感染诱导该细胞系释放白细胞介素-1（IL-1）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6），并通过细胞荧光分析评估上调了人类白细胞抗原（HLA）I类和II类抗原的表达。风疹病毒刺激仅诱导IL-6释放，对HLA抗原表达无影响。这些数据首次表明，病毒感染后胰岛素瘤细胞系可能会分泌IL-1和IL-6，并提示β细胞释放细胞因子和HLA分子表达增加可能在IDDM中促使针对β细胞的免疫反应发生。
