Selhorst Thomas, Müller Thomas, Schwermer Heinzpeter, Ziller Mario, Schlüter Hartmut, Breitenmoser Urs, Müller Uli, Brochier Bernard, Pastoret Paul-Pierre, Mutinelli Franco
Federal Research Center for Virus Diseases of AnimalsInstitute of Epidemiology, WHO College Center for Rabies Surveillance and Research, Seestrasse 55, 16868, Germany.
Environ Manage. 2005 Mar;35(3):292-302. doi: 10.1007/s00267-003-3055-x.
Oral vaccination of foxes (OVF) is a powerful tool to combat rabies in wildlife, and large parts of western Europe have been freed from rabies using this tool. Nevertheless, the success of OVF, given with the number of campaigns needed to eliminate the disease, depends on many factors. This article for the first time focuses on and assesses difference in OVF with respect to the spatial setting of vaccinated areas with time. The size of the areas vaccinated with time and the size of the overlapping area of consecutively vaccinated areas are particularly considered. In order to integrate these two aspects into one single figure, an Area Index is proposed ranging between 0 and 1. A statistical analysis indicates that the number of campaigns needed for rabies elimination significantly decreases on condition that the total rabies endemic area is consecutively treated right from the beginning of oral vaccination. Hence, from an economical and environmental point of view, vaccination areas should be selected the way that guarantees an Area Index close to 1. The concept of an Area Index, as described here, is a useful tool not only in the context of OVF, but it could also be used for other control schemes against infectious diseases in wildlife.
狐狸口服疫苗接种（OVF）是对抗野生动物狂犬病的有力工具，西欧大部分地区已通过这一工具消灭了狂犬病。然而，考虑到消除该疾病所需的接种活动次数，狐狸口服疫苗接种的成功取决于许多因素。本文首次关注并评估了狐狸口服疫苗接种在接种区域随时间的空间设置方面的差异。特别考虑了随时间推移接种区域的大小以及连续接种区域的重叠面积大小。为了将这两个方面整合到一个单一的数值中，提出了一个范围在0到1之间的面积指数。统计分析表明，若从口服疫苗接种一开始就对狂犬病流行的整个区域进行连续处理，那么消除狂犬病所需的接种活动次数会显著减少。因此，从经济和环境角度来看，应选择能保证面积指数接近1的方式来确定接种区域。本文所述的面积指数概念不仅在狐狸口服疫苗接种方面是一个有用的工具，它还可用于野生动物传染病的其他防控方案。
