Stiffman Arlene Rubin, Freedenthal Stacey, Brown Eddie, Ostmann Emily, Hibbeler Patricia
The George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Comorbidity and Addictions Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
J Urban Health. 2005 Jun;82(2 Suppl 3):iii56-66. doi: 10.1093/jurban/jti064.
The realities of doing field research with high-risk, minority, or indigenous populations may be quite different than the guidelines presented in research training. There are overlapping and competing demands created by cultural and research imperatives. A National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)-funded study of American Indian youth illustrates competing pressures between research objectives and cultural sensitivity. This account of the problems that were confronted and the attempts made to resolve them will hopefully fill a needed gap in the research literature and serve as a thought-provoking example for other researchers. This study built cross-cultural bridges. Researchers worked as a team with stakeholders to modify the instruments and methods to achieve cultural appropriateness. The researchers agreed to the communities' demands for increased service access and rights of refusal for all publications and presentations. Data indicate that these compromises did not substantially harm the first year of data collection completeness or the well-being of the youth. To the contrary, it enhanced the ability to disseminate results to those community leaders with the most vested interests. The conflicts between ideal research requirements and cultural demands confronted by the researchers and interviewers in the American Indian community were not necessarily different from issues faced by researchers in other communities. Of major import is the recognition that there are no easy answers to such issues within research.
对高危人群、少数族裔或原住民群体进行实地研究的实际情况可能与研究培训中提出的指导方针大不相同。文化需求和研究要求相互重叠且相互竞争。美国国立药物滥用研究所(NIDA)资助的一项针对美国印第安青年的研究,展现了研究目标与文化敏感性之间相互竞争的压力。对所面临的问题以及为解决这些问题所做尝试的描述,有望填补研究文献中存在的必要空白,并为其他研究人员提供一个发人深省的例子。这项研究搭建了跨文化的桥梁。研究人员与利益相关者组成团队,对工具和方法进行修改,以使其符合文化背景。研究人员同意了社区提出的增加服务获取机会以及对所有出版物和展示享有拒绝权的要求。数据表明,这些妥协并未对第一年数据收集的完整性或青年的福祉造成实质性损害。相反,它提高了向那些最具既得利益的社区领袖传播研究结果的能力。研究人员和访谈者在美国印第安社区所面临的理想研究要求与文化需求之间的冲突,与其他社区研究人员所面临的问题不一定有差异。至关重要的是要认识到,在研究中,此类问题没有简单的答案。